That figure also includes Central and Eastern Europe.  I'm sure the
prevalence is higher in other European countries.  The first assembly
line refractive surgery procedure was RK surgery, invented by a
Russian surgeon, Fyodorov.  In some countries, even food is a luxury.

It sounds like you would agree with the concept of 20/happy.

that's hardly an authoritative reference.  anyway the statistic does
not say that 65% of americans have refractive errors and 35% of
europeans do.  it says that 65% of americans own eyeware and 35% of
europeans do.  that includes non-prescription sunglasses, OTC reading
glasses, etc.  the difference could be explained by relative wealth,
differences in retail accessability of eyeware, etc.

in more scientific evaluations of the prevalence of ammetropias in
america, I recall that the data is similar to the prevalence of
ammetropias in europe, most likely due to the genetic heritage of
americans.

Dear Lena,

Europe,
America,
China -- 88 percent myopic enterning
the university.

At this point majority-opinion PClar will tell you these facts "mean
nothing" -- and you MUST ignore them --as he does.

Read these publised, accepted references -- and weep.

(Where is Bates when we need him?)

Otis

=============

      FIRST-YEAR HONG KONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS 87.5 % MYOPIC

o   Goh and Lam (Goh, W.S.  and Lam, C.S., "Changes in refractive
   trends and optical components of Hong Kong Chinese aged 19-39
   years," Ophthal.  Physiol.  Opt., 14:378-382, 1994) found that
   in 2000 first-year students at the University of Hong Kong,
   the prevalence of myopia was 87.5%.

              ******************

MYOPIA PREVALENCE IS ALWAYS HIGHER THAN 92 PERCENT
            FOR TAIWAN MEDICAL STUDENTS

o   Lin et al (Lin, L.K., Shih, Y.F., Lee, Y.C., Hung, P.T., and
   Hou, P.K., " Changes in ocular refraction and its components
   among medical students - a 5-year longitudinal study", Optom.
   Vis.  Sci., 73:495-498, 1996) found that in a study of 345
   National Taiwan University medical students, the myopia
   prevalence increased from 92.8% to 95.8% over the five year
   period.

              ******************

        OPTOMETRY STUDENTS 72 PERCENT MYOPIC

o   Lam and Yap (Lam, C.S.  and Yap, M.  "Ocular dimensions and
   refraction in Chinese Orientals", Proc.  Int.  Soc.  Eye Res.,
   6:121, 1990) found that in a group of optometry students at
   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the prevalence of myopia
   was 75% in females and 69% in males.

              ******************

    70 PERCENT MYOPIC AT AGES 16 TO 17 YEARS OLD

o   Regarding the prevalence of myopia in Asian countries, Lam and
   Goh (Lam, C.S.  and Goh, W.S., "The incidence of refractive
   errors among schoolchildren in Hong Kong in relationship with
   the optical components", Clin.  Exp.  Optom., 74:97-103, 1991)
   found that in 383 school children from ages 6 to 17 years, the
   prevalence of myopia increased from 30% at ages 6-7 years, to
   70% at ages 16-17 years.

              ******************

                    December 6, 2000

By Liu Shao-hua
Staff reporter
Taipei Times

Subject:   Myopia Increases Among Children

    One of every five children in the first grade in Taiwan's
elementary schools is myopic (nearsighted).  The proportion of
myopics in this group has increased from 12.1 percent in 1995 to
20.4 percent this year, according to the results of a survey
released by the Department of Health yesterday.

    The results also show that 60.7 percent of sixth graders in
elementary schools, 80.7 percent of third graders in junior high
schools, and 84.2 percent of third graders in senior high schools
suffer from myopia.  In addition, the number of seriously myopic
children is also on the rise.  The proportion of seriously myopic
children among sixth graders in elementary schools has increased
from 2 percent five years ago to 2.4 percent this year.

    Serious myopia is defined as exceeding 600 degrees (6
diopters).  Anything over 25 degrees (0.25 diopters) is myopia.
Normal eyesight is zero degrees.

    "We appeal for reductions to children's work load in schools
and the amelioration of visual environments in daily life," said
Chen Tzay-jinn, director-general of the health promotion bureau,
under the health department.

    The survey was conducted by the department, in cooperation
with National Taiwan University and its hospital, and involved a
sample of 12,000 students from four million students between the
ages of 7 and 18 nationwide.  Myopia has been on the increase in
Taiwan ever since the first myopia survey in 1983.  The department
manages the survey every four or five years.

    The growth of nearsightedness among young children is thought
to result from learning to read very young and using computers
very young, Chen pointed out.

    Last year, the department and the Ministry of Education
delivered official documents to kindergartens nationwide demanding
that children not be taught to read or use computers too early.
"But many teachers and parents protested against this appeal,"
said the department officials.    "They questioned exactly what they
were permitted to teach if reading was not allowed."

    "We do hope that parents and teachers can heighten their
awareness of myopia and understand that early learning does not
guarantee students' performance in the future, but it does bear a
strong correlation to defects in vision," Chen said.  The
department also appealed for children under the age of 10 not to
be taught how to use computers.

    Senior high school students suffer the highest rates of
nearsightedness, at over 84 percent.  "It reached a plateau five
years ago and has not changed this year.  But their myopia has
become more serious," Chen said.  According to the survey, 20
percent of third graders in senior high schools are seriously
nearsighted.

    Many people thought operations could cure myopia.    "But the
superficial improvement of vision does not better the health of
the eye.  More importantly, it might reduce people's awareness of
other problems associated with nearsightedness, apart from visual
ones," said Lin Lung-kuang, ophthalmology professor at National
Taiwan University.  "Myopia cannot be cured.  We have to prevent
children from becoming nearsighted.  Don't let them use their
vision too early," Lin urged.

    Because of the public's lack of awareness of myopia, the
department estimated its prevalence would continue to grow.
"Singapore resembles Taiwan in many respects and the extent of its
myopia problem might serve as a warning for us," Chen said.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^

andrewedwardjudd@hotmail.com wrote in news:1189523816.803089.146600
@r34g2000hsd.googlegroups.com:

Bingo-- and this is one reason why those who argue that the myopia
prevention voodoos du jour can stop retinal detachment associated with high
myopes (the only REAL health issue surrounding myopia, IMO) are wrong.  Two
different animals.

Dr G.

At this stage i think you are talking complete bollocks.   But i am
open to learning otherwise.

I said:

"it is known that myopes have a
lag of recovery of accommodation."

You replied

"I don't know that
myopes have a lag of recovery of accommodation.  I do know that long-
standing myopes either do not need to accommodate, or accommodate
less, and so their facility of accommodation (same thing) may be
temporarilly impaired from disuse."

My meaning was *obvious*.     Any school boy could understand what i
meant.

You appear to want to do anything - no matter how ridiculous - to
argue against me.

And you said you would kill file me.   What happened to that?

Its looking like the best option for you.

Alternatively I suggest you stick to the facts and set aside your
prejudices that i am some kind of idiot.

Andrew

On Sep 11, 11:14 am, andrewedwardj...@hotmail.com wrote:

You sure know how to fill in the gaps with lots speculation (hot
air).  Anyway, I am enjoying your commentary on the subject in this
thread I started.

Anyway, I digress.  The cranial nerves controlling eye movements do
not originate in the cortex.