What is ptosis ?
Abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid is called ptosis.
Normally, upper lid covers about upper one sixth of the cornea i.e
about 2mm.(In ptosis it covers more than 2 mm.

What are the Signs of Ptosis?
Sign of ptosis is the drooping eyelid. Depending on how severely the
lid droops, people with ptosis may have difficulty seeing. Sometimes
people tilt their heads back to try to see under the lid, or raise
their eyebrows repeatedly to try to lift the eyelids.

What are the types of Ptosis?
Ptosis can be present at birth (congenital ptosis): Congential
weakness (maldevelopment) of levator palpebrae superioris [LPS muscle]
Neurogenic ptosis: caused by innervation defects [ 3rd nerve palsy,
Horners syndrome]
Myogenic ptosis : acquired disorders of LPS muscle or myoneural
junction.[myasthenia gravis]
Aponeurotic ptosis :defect of levator aponeurosis in the presence of a
normal functioning muscle. it includes involutional (senile)
ptosis ,postoperated ptosis, in traumatic dehiscence or disinsertion
of aponeurosis.
Mechanical ptosis: due to excessive weighton the upper lid eg lid
tumours,mutliple chalazia & lid oedema.

what is the Treatment for Ptosis?
Surgery is usually the best treatment for drooping eyelids. The
surgeon tightens the levator muscles, and you come away with improved
vision and appearance. In very severe cases involving weakened levator
muscles, the surgeon attaches the eyelid under the eyebrow to allow
the forehead muscles to substitute for the levator muscles in lifting
the eyelid.

After surgery, both eyelids may not appear symmetrical, even though
the lid is higher than before surgery. Very rarely, eyelid movement
may be lost.

Children born with moderate or severe ptosis require treatment in
order for proper vision to develop. Failure to treat ptosis can result
in amblyopia (diminished vision in one eye) and a lifetime of poor
vision. All children with ptosis, even mild cases, should visit their
ophthalmologist every year. The eyes change shape as they grow, and
sometimes focusing and visual problems develop.
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                     G.G.S.I.EYE RESEARCH & CURE CENTRE