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Medical Forum / General / Vision / January 2005

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Cerebral Palsy Infant

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quattrocchi - 14 Jan 2005 07:44 GMT
My daughter's first-born suffered some sort of 'event' during (breech)
birth and now has Cerebral Palsy.

He is now 18 months old and his development is well behind the norm but
nevertheless progressing slowly. For instance he's not properly crawling
but is getting better, and cannot transition from lying to sitting but may
yet.

Regarding his vision, he easily recognises familiar faces from 10+ feet
away and can see objects he recognises from across the room (the clock on
the wall). He, in fact, finds great interest in small even minute designs
on his drink bottle, for example, or a tiny loose thread on the sofa
stitching, peering closely and pointing at it.

There are many times during the week when he is taken to a specialist of
one type or other, from speech and language to ophthalmology.

Yesterday the 8am appointment at the eye clinic was truncated by the
mother when the eye doctor, having arrived late and having given a 10 min
inspection, asked if she would consent to pupil dilation drops for a
further inspection. She said the poor little fellow had already suffered
too many various inspections and anyway his sight seemed okay. She wanted
to take him home, saying that it's upsetting for him to wait around and
undergo a extra eye exam.

I wondered: was she hasty? Remember that she's the one who knows how much
poking and prodding goes on for a 'special needs' kid, and how he was also
suffering from teething pains and is scratchy and tired. But remember that
she is also wary of large public health institutes and the way they
somehow tend to treat individuals with less than helpful care at the
grass-root level (delays, lateness, etc).

What sort of things could the OD look for and/or discover in a dilated
exam of a wriggling CP infant?

I think that as a CP child he's possibly a high risk of vision problems he
should have regular eye exams myself, but do they actually yield useful
practical information for this young fellow?

Thanks

Brian

Signature

Auckland NEW ZEALAND

LarryDoc - 15 Jan 2005 03:20 GMT
> My daughter's first-born suffered some sort of 'event' during (breech)
> birth and now has Cerebral Palsy.

[clipped some paragraphs]

> What sort of things could the OD look for and/or discover in a dilated
> exam of a wriggling CP infant?
>
> I think that as a CP child he's possibly a high risk of vision problems he
> should have regular eye exams myself, but do they actually yield useful
> practical information for this young fellow?

A dilated, cylcoplegic examination would reveal the health status and
function of his eyes.  This might include developmental or birth defects
of the internal structures, neuro-motor functional problems as well has
optical refractive errors that might be corrected with spectacles or
contact lenses.

A great deal of practical information.  18 months of age is a fine time
for this examination.  It should certainly be done by 24 months. For
whatever his disabilities, it would be important to determine if his
eyes are affected and if so, if they can be fixed so that would be one
less handicap.

--LB, O.D.
g.gatti@agora.it - 16 Jan 2005 17:00 GMT
if the "fixing" is a pair of glasses, please do not let these butchers
visit your child.
Dr Judy - 15 Jan 2005 17:32 GMT
> My daughter's first-born suffered some sort of 'event' during (breech)
> birth and now has Cerebral Palsy.
>
> He is now 18 months old and his development is well behind the norm but
> nevertheless progressing slowly.
snip

> Yesterday the 8am appointment at the eye clinic was truncated by the
> mother when the eye doctor, having arrived late and having given a 10 min
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> to take him home, saying that it's upsetting for him to wait around and
> undergo a extra eye exam.
snip

> she is also wary of large public health institutes and the way they
> somehow tend to treat individuals with less than helpful care at the
> grass-root level (delays, lateness, etc).

Was she at a major pediatric practice?  Although coming late may seem rude,
it is entirely possible that the doctor came to the clinic after doing
rounds at the hospital and was delayed there.  A ten minute exam may seem to
lay people to be too short to be more than cursory.  However, a trained eye
doctor can collect a lot of information about an infant or toddler in that
short time and, in fact, must learn to work very quickly with young children
before the child loses attention.  In ten minutes I could determine whether
a child's pupils were working properly, whether strabismus or a large phoria
is present, how well extra ocular muscles are working, estimate refractive
error, inspect.the  external structures of the eye and determine if gross
stereopsis is present.

> What sort of things could the OD look for and/or discover in a dilated
> exam of a wriggling CP infant?

Inspection of the optic nerve to see if it also sustained damage during
birth, examination of the lens and retina of the eye, and accurate
refraction (which is important to preventing amblyopia).   In refusing the
dilation, the most important parts of the exam were missed.

Dr Judy
quattrocchi - 16 Jan 2005 04:25 GMT
Thanks for the helpful replies.

> > Yesterday the 8am appointment at the eye clinic was truncated by the
> > mother when the eye doctor, having arrived late and having given a 10 min
> > inspection, asked if she would consent to pupil dilation drops for a
> > further inspection.
> Was she at a major pediatric practice?

It was an eye clinic section of the main public hospital. He was the
doctor who performs squint correction (strabismus?) which he has to a some
degree. The reason he was sent to the exam was a consultant had
recommended it.

> > What sort of things could the OD look for and/or discover in a dilated
> > exam of a wriggling CP infant?

> Inspection of the optic nerve to see if it also sustained damage during
> birth, examination of the lens and retina of the eye, and accurate
> refraction (which is important to preventing amblyopia).   In refusing
> the  dilation, the most important parts of the exam were missed.

Thanks. I'll certainly pass this info on...Now that I'vge looked up the
long words,. Are these definitions close?

amblyopia = lazy eye, diminished vision in one or both eyes, usually
without any obvious defect

cycloplegic = lazy eye, vision in the non-dominant eye is poor as a result
of a visual abnormality

strabismus = eyes are misaligned and point in different directions

large phoria = the eye muscles that move each eyeball are not perfectly
aligned, at all times

stereopsis = natural recognition of distance and objects in space

Brian

Signature

Brian Adam
Auckland NEW ZEALAND

Dr Judy - 16 Jan 2005 21:02 GMT
> Thanks for the helpful replies.
>
[quoted text clipped - 26 lines]
> cycloplegic = lazy eye, vision in the non-dominant eye is poor as a result
> of a visual abnormality

This definition is another for amblyopia. Cycloplegic means a check for
glasses done while the focusing muscles of the eye are paralysed by
cycloplegic eye drops.  If your grand child has a small strabismus (squint)
then a cycloplegic refraction is very much needed.  This is because some
types of strabismus are caused by hyperopia (farsightedness) and therefore
must be corrected by glasses not by surgery.  Failure to correct strabismus
may result in amblyopia.

Dr Judy

> strabismus = eyes are misaligned and point in different directions
>
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>
> Brian
 
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