Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Prostate Cancer / January 2004
Grape seed extract inhibits advanced human prostate tumor growth
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rs - 19 Jan 2004 21:52 GMT Int J Cancer. 2004 Feb 20; 108(5): 733-40. Grape seed extract inhibits advanced human prostate tumor growth and angiogenesis and upregulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3.
Singh RP, Tyagi AK, Dhanalakshmi S, Agarwal R, Agarwal C.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA.
Dietary intake of many fruits and vegetables has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of cancer. We investigated the in vivo efficacy of grape seed extract (GSE, patented as Traconol) against prostate cancer (PCA) and associated molecular events. Athymic nude mice were implanted with hormone-refractory human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells and fed with 100 and 200 mg/kg/day (5 days/week) doses of GSE for 7 weeks. At the end of experiment, tumors were immunohistochemically analyzed for cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Our data show that GSE feeding strongly inhibited tumor growth that accounted for 59-73% (p < 0.001) inhibition in tumor volume and 37-47% (p < 0.05) decrease in tumor weight at the end of the experiment. It did not show any significant change in body weight gain profile and diet consumption. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumors showed that GSE decreases proliferation index by 51-66% (p < 0.001) and increases apoptotic index by 3-4-fold (p < 0.001). CD31 staining for endothelial cells, showed decrease in intratumoral microvasculature in GSE-fed group of mice. Control tumors showed 64.0 +/- 1.6 CD31 positive cells/400x field compared to 23.2 +/- 0.9 and 15.7 +/- 0.08 (p < 0.001) CD31 positive cells in 100 and 200 mg/kg doses of GSE-treated tumors, respectively. GSE strongly inhibited (47-70%, p < 0.05) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion in conditioned medium by DU145 cells. Recently, the circulating level of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 is shown to inversely related with PCA risk, growth and prognosis. Consistent with this, we observed 6-7-fold (p < 0.001) increase in tumor-secreted levels of IGFBP-3 after GSE feeding. In other immunohistochemical studies, compared to controls, tumor xenografts from GSE-fed groups of mice showed a moderate decrease in VEGF but an increase in IGFBP-3 levels. These findings suggest that GSE possesses in vivo anticancer efficacy against hormone-refractory human PCA, which is associated with its antiproliferative, proapoptotic and antiangiogenic activities together with upregulation of IGFBP-3. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
PMID: 14696100 [PubMed - in process]
William A. Noyes - 20 Jan 2004 07:14 GMT What does this dose translate into for a human? Perhaps a gram or two? If a rat has a metabolism 7x a human then a mouse would likely be higher. Anyway a gram or two is my guess estimate.
> Int J Cancer. 2004 Feb 20; 108(5): 733-40. > [quoted text clipped - 41 lines] > > PMID: 14696100 [PubMed - in process] Alan Meyer - 20 Jan 2004 13:16 GMT Presumably that would be a gram or two per kilogram of body weight per day. For a 75 kg man, that's 75-150 grams - a whole lot of grape seed.
On the other hand, the rapid metabolism might not be a factor here. If not, then we're only talking 100-200 mg/kg/day = 7.5- 15 grams per day, a more manageable amount.
But of course the researchers weren't trying to find a minimum dose. They were probably using a maximum dose in order to discover if the extract had any value at all. It may be that much less would also work.
Alan
> What does this dose translate into for a human? > Perhaps a gram or two? If a rat has a metabolism [quoted text clipped - 46 lines] > > > > PMID: 14696100 [PubMed - in process] alle - 20 Jan 2004 18:21 GMT Would daily drinking of grape juice accomplish the same thing?
> Int J Cancer. 2004 Feb 20; 108(5): 733-40. > [quoted text clipped - 41 lines] > > PMID: 14696100 [PubMed - in process] Ernest Gudath - 20 Jan 2004 18:45 GMT > Would daily drinking of grape juice accomplish the same thing? Fermented, perhaps?
ron - 20 Jan 2004 22:50 GMT Yes, resveratrol is one of the key ingredients in grape seed extract and, as you might expect, in red wine. Resveratrol's antioxidant and anticancer properties have been studied, just do a Google search..Ron
> > Would daily drinking of grape juice accomplish the same thing? > > > Fermented, perhaps? Thomas Carter - 21 Jan 2004 20:21 GMT > Yes, resveratrol is one of the key ingredients in grape seed extract > and, as you might expect, in red wine. Resveratrol's antioxidant and [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > > > > > Fermented, perhaps? Hi, While I don't have much evidence, It seems to me that niether wine, grapes, grape juice, chocolate, grape seed extract, grape skin extract, nor pycnogenol contain enough resveratrol to be very effective. The efficacy of these interventions may be from synergism between other substances. I think only the new resveratrol pills can provide over 5 mg/day. Perhaps some have more detailed knowledge.
Thomas
Stuart Cracraft - 21 Jan 2004 22:37 GMT > Yes, resveratrol is one of the key ingredients in grape seed extract > and, as you might expect, in red wine. Resveratrol's antioxidant and > anticancer properties have been studied, just do a Google search..Ron Actually no. In grapes, it isn't concentrated enough to do any good. So while grapes may have other good effects, you won't be getting what Resveratrol gives you. Same for grape juice.
You have to get it in fermented red wine to get the concentrations you need. And most of the red wines won't have it in major quantities. You have to get Pinot Noir red wine that is grown near the 50th parallel where the summers are nasty enough to produce lots of fungal attacks on the Pinot Noir grape which has a thin skin and lots of grapes per bunch, making it an ideal candidate for fungal attack. This then causes the massive Resveratrol production in the thin skin which is then fermented into the Pinot Noir red wine.
You must take care to prevent oxygen getting in contact with your red wine once the bottle is opened, so use a nitrogen resealer like www.privatepreserve.com which might get you another day or two to stretch out the bottle. Less recommended is the VacuVin which claims to make a vacumn (it doesn't). Resveratrol is an extremely fragile molecule. A test of multiple Resveratrol dietary supplements at a (very) reputable laboratory showed that none were biologically active, and this included one very well known manufacturer (that makes a mint of its Resveratrol supplement.)
There does exist one manufacturer at this time who makes a Resveratrol pill which is protected against oxygen exposure during manufacture and in the packaging and has passed the test at the same lab. I don't want to get into a commercial food fight at this point but draw your own conclusions.
There is enough solid research about longevity and red wine and Resveratrol that it is pretty obvious to be good for you in small quantities (1 glass per day for women, 1-2 glasses per day for men); however the alcohol effects can be annoying. So a good pill could let you take a break from the alcohol during the work week and then on the weekend you could wine and let your body take a break from the pill.
Studies are underway with rodent and rhesus longevity. Resveratrol has already passed big-time on yeast, worms, and fruitflies for longevity extension.
The effect is to slow metabolism, extend the time that a cell has to reconstruct its DNA before self-destructing or worse multiplying (cancerous), literally provide more generations of cellular division by lengthening the lifetime of each cell, while at the same time suppressing those aspects that create and cause cancer. This has been shown over and over and over in paper after paper (hundreds, maybe thousands by now.) It is quite remarkable. There is really nothing else like it in the corpus of medicine. Attempts to patent variations on the molecule should prove unsuccessful as tests have shown variations to be inferior in effect to the original fragile molecule.
You already know that from Sinclair's experiments Resveratrol mimics Caloric Restriction effects and there are decades of research on that and its benefits.
Draw your conclusion and take your risks (or not) going forward.
Stuart
> > > Would daily drinking of grape juice accomplish the same thing? > > > > > Fermented, perhaps? Alan Meyer - 22 Jan 2004 00:06 GMT > ... > There does exist one manufacturer at this time who makes a Resveratrol [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > own conclusions. > ... Stuart,
Thanks for a very interesting and informative post. But after telling us the above, surely you've got to tell us which manufacturer is selling the good stuff. Don't leave us hanging!
Alan
Stuart Cracraft - 24 Jan 2004 00:08 GMT > > oitbso@yahoo.com (ron) wrote in message > news:<1807c7b7.0401201450.11b661a4@posting.google.com>... [quoted text clipped - 13 lines] > > Alan I take Longevinex on weekdays and I supplement it with Pinot Noir wine from a 50th parallel on weekends.
No longer have the gasps from chronic bronchitis so it's good enough for me!
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