I had a foodborne illness, but I don't know which food and drinks I should
avoid during the incubation period? That doesn't make sense.

To avoid food poisoning in the future just avoid any food or drink that
hasn't been stored properly, handled properly or cooked properly. Food and
drink that has been brought to a high temperature will usually be sterile,
other food and drink will contain some bacteria but stomach acid usually
destroys most micro-organisms.