1: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 Nov 22; [Epub ahead of print] Related
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Antimicrobial activity of picolinic acid against extracellular and
intracellular Mycobacterium avium complex and its combined activity
with clarithromycin, rifampicin and fluoroquinolones.

Cai S, Sato K, Shimizu T, Yamabe S, Hiraki M, Sano C, Tomioka H.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane University School of
Medicine, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.

OBJECTIVES: A natural metal ion chelator, picolinic acid (PA), is known
to potentiate macrophage antimycobacterial activity. Here, we studied
the antimicrobial activity of PA against extracellular and
intramacrophage Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) organisms. METHODS:
MAC organisms, MAC-infected macrophages or MAC-infected type II
pneumocytes were cultured in the presence or absence of PA with or
without antimycobacterial drugs, and residual bacterial cfu of
extracellular or intracellular MAC were counted on 7H11 agar plates.
RESULTS: First, PA exhibited antimicrobial activity against
extracellular and intramacrophage MAC. The effect of PA was mimicked by
other metal ion-chelating agents, such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic
acid and O, O'-bis (2-aminophenyl) ethyleneglycol-N, N, N',
N'-tetraacetic acid. Second, PA potentiated antimicrobial effects of a
two-drug combination of clarithromycin/rifampicin and some
fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, sitafloxacin and gatifloxacin) against
extracellular and intramacrophage MAC. Similar combined effects of PA
with clarithromycin/rifampicin were also seen in the case of MAC
residing within type II alveolar epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: PA
exerted an appreciable anti-MAC activity, when used singly or in
combination with some antimycobacterial drugs
(clarithromycin/rifampicin and fluoroquinolones), suggesting the
usefulness of PA as an adjunct for clinical antimicrobial chemotherapy
of MAC infections.

PMID: 16303883 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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