FRUITS, VEGETABLES PREVENT CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Forwarded message from fidyl@yahoo.com

[ Subject: FRUIT AND VEGETABLE RESEARCH
[ From: fidyl@yahoo.com
[ Date: Wed, 8 Dec 2004

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE RESEARCH

Fruits and vegetables may prevent coronary heart disease.

Researchers in this article evaluated the association between fruit
and vegetable consumption and risk for coronary heart disease using
the prospective nurses health study and the health professionals
follow-up cohort study.

They reviewed the diets and disease incidence of over 84,200 women
aged 34 to 59 and 42,100 men, aged 40 to 75. After adjusting for
standard cardiovascular risk factors, they found those who ate the
highest number of servings of fruits and vegetables had a lower
relative risk for coronary heart disease than those people who
consumed the least amount of fruits and vegetables.

People consuming 4 or more servings of fruits and vegetables a day
had a decreased risk for coronary heart disease. Those with an intake
of at least 8 servings a day produced a further decrease. They found
that people that ate the most fruits and vegetables tended to be
older, had healthier living habits, and smoked less than people who
did not eat as much produce.

Although the lower occurrence of heart attacks can be partly
explained by health factors other than diet, it was also
independently related to a high fruit and vegetable intake. Green
leafy vegetables and vitamin C-rich fruits and vegetables appeared to
contribute most to the apparent protective effect of total fruit and
vegetable intake.

[KJ Joshipura, FB Hu, et al. Annals of Internal Medicine.
134:1106-1114; 2001]

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Fruit & Vegetable Intake Among Adolescents

Research demonstrates that adequate fruit and vegetable intake among
adolescents is a problem. Adolescents, especially girls, participate
in a number of weight loss behaviors.

These researchers examined the relationship between fruit and
vegetable intake and weight control behaviors among over 16,200 boys
and girls, in grades 9 through 12, to determine whether adolescents
that are trying to lose weight represent an at-risk population for
poor nutritional practices.

As expected, dieting, exercising, vomiting, laxative use, and diet
pills were more pronounced among girls than boys.

The researchers found that 74 percent of the total sample consumed
less than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day. Surprisingly,
the researchers found that girls that reported engaging in weight
control behaviors were most likely to report an adequate intake of
fruits and vegetables. These girls actually ate more fruits and
vegetables than their peers.

They also found that both girl and boy athletes ate more servings of
fruits and vegetables than non-athletes. This study suggests that
participation of adolescent girls in weight-control behaviors often
includes the consumption of more fruits and vegetables in their
diets.
[JA Pesa and LW Turner. American Journal of Health Behavior.
25(1):3-9; 2001]

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Flavonoids and Cancer Incidence

Numerous research studies and reviews have found that diets rich in
fruits and vegetables are associated with reduced risks of many types
of cancer. Some researchers speculate that flavonoid compounds
commonly found in fruits, vegetables and other foods may help prevent
certain types of cancer through their role as an antioxidant, as well
as through other mechanisms.

These researchers studied catechins, a type of flavonoid found in
apples, tea, and other fruits and vegetables, in 728 men, aged 65-84
years who were part of the Netherlands prospective cohort Zutphen
Elderly Study. They found that men with a high catechin intake tended
to also have a higher intake of total energy, fiber, vitamins C and
E, and beta-carotene and they ate more fruits and vegetables.

The researchers found no association between lung cancer rate and
green or black tea intake, a rich source of catechins. However, they
did observe an inverse trend between catechins from other food
sources, mainly apples, and the risk of lung cancer.

Because tea, a major catechin source in this elderly population, was
not associated with cancer risk, these researchers concluded that it
appears unlikely that catechins alone are responsible for the
observed effects of apples on lung cancer risk.

[ICW Arts, PCH Hollman, et al. International Journal of Cancer.
92:298-302; 2001]

End of forwarded message from fidyl@yahoo.com

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