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Medical Forum / General / General / March 2004

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Septicaemia

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N. Thornton - 16 Feb 2004 02:05 GMT
Hi

Any heads up on this could prove very helpful.

The situation is: Septicaemia, plus a few local infections, CD4 count
zero, infections have not responded to the first wave of hospital
antibiotic treatment.

If theres anything I should know that might be usable to make a
difference to the outcome in any way, please let me know. I'll check
this in the morning.

Thanks, NT
doe - 16 Feb 2004 19:27 GMT
>Subject: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 14 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2002 Jun;15(2):411-26

Iron and infection: competition between host and microbes for a precious
element.

Marx JJ
Eijkman-Winkler Institute for Microbiology,
Infectious Diseases and Inflammation,
University Medical Centre Utrecht,
G04.614,
PO Box 85500, 3508 GA
Utrecht, The Netherlands.

During infection microbes attack host tissues, causing damage to specific
organs, sepsis or even death.
For proliferation microbes desperately need iron for which they have to compete
with the host.
Micro-organisms have developed an abundant number of strategies to acquire iron
from their specific environment and to transport the element to sites of
incorporation into biologically important molecules.
As part of the non-specific defence mechanisms against infection, the body
modifies iron metabolism in order to make iron less available for
micro-organisms.
Such processes have a profound effect on the immune system and are also
expressed in other forms of inflammation.
Microbial iron transport systems are explored as targets for antibiotic
treatment and vaccines.
In particular, iron chelators, used for the treatment of iron overload may
become important drugs for fighting bacterial and viral infections.

PMID: 12401315, UI: 22288772

----------------------------------------------
.

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doe - 16 Feb 2004 19:34 GMT
>Subject: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 14 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

In extreme cases of infection .. periotonitis .. they have found
by the infusion of 'bleach' .. into the body cavity greatly reduces the
septicaemia ..

Cost ? about 55 cents ..

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N. Thornton - 17 Feb 2004 01:47 GMT
Nt wrote:

> >Any heads up on this could prove very helpful.
> >
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> >difference to the outcome in any way, please let me know. I'll check
> >this in the morning.

> In extreme cases of infection .. periotonitis .. they have found
> by the infusion of 'bleach' .. into the body cavity greatly reduces the
> septicaemia ..

This piece describes it as a bad bad idea:

http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=1994;volume=40;issue=3
;spage=179;epage=84;aulast=Shetty


Do you have other info?

Thanks, NT
doe - 17 Feb 2004 09:55 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

Actually the link speaks to the use of bleach in the catheter and NOT
introduction INTO the gut .. other than accidentally which 'may' cause chemical
burn.

But .. in the case of extreme sepsis .. chemical burn should / would be ..
acceptable .. compared to .. death .. ?

Or is that NOT .. your .. take .. on it .. ?

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doe - 17 Feb 2004 10:19 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: ironjustice@aol.comdoe  (doe)
[quoted text clipped - 30 lines]
>>
>>Thanks, NT

J R Coll Surg Edinb

2002 Oct;47(5):700-4

The effects of desferrioxamin and vitamin E as supplements to antibiotics in
the treatment of peritonitis in rats.

Soybir N, Soybir G, Lice H, Dolay K, Ozseker A, Koksoy F
Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

[Medline record in process]

AIM:

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of vitamin E and the iron
chelating agent desferrioxamin (Dfx), supplemented by clindamycin and
gentamycin therapy, on peritonitis caused by caecal ligation of a puncture
wound in an experimental model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

One hundred and twenty Spraque Dawley rats were divided into eight groups.

Three groups were used as controls; intraperitoneal (i.p.), subcutaneous (s.c.)
and i.p. and s.c., respectively. Group 4 was treated with Dfx, Group 5 with
vitamin E and Group 6 with antibiotics.

Group 7 was treated with vitamin E in combination with antibiotics, and Group 8
with a combination of antibiotics and Dfx. The rats were studied for 14 days
following treatment, and survivors then humanely dispatched.

Post-mortem examination was undertaken on all the rats studied.

RESULTS:

In the control groups, mortality at 14 days was 66%.

Rats treated with antibiotics alone (Group 5) had a mortality rate of 40%.

Those treated with a combination of antibiotics and vitamin E (Group 7),
however, had a mortality rate of only 14%, and those treated with antibiotics
and Dfx had a mortality rate of only 7%.

CONCLUSION:

This study suggests that treatment of peritonitis in rats with a combination of
Dfx and antibiotics has a significant beneficial effect on survival, in
comparison with treatment with antibiotics alone.

PMID: 12463711, UI: 22351117

_________________________________________________________________

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doe - 17 Feb 2004 10:21 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

Crit Care Med 2002 Jul;30(7):1623-1629

Antioxidant protection against iron in children with meningococcal sepsis.

Festa M, Mumby S, Nadel S, Gutteridge JM, Quinlan GJ
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Imperial College School of Medicine at St
Mary's Hospital (MF, SN), London, UK; and the Unit of Critical Care, Royal
Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust (SM, JMCG, GJQ), London, UK.

[Record supplied by publisher]

OBJECTIVE: To assess antioxidant protection against iron-catalyzed reactive
oxygen species in meningococcal sepsis and to establish whether severity of
illness is related to deficiencies in these antioxidant systems. DESIGN:
Prospective, controlled study. SETTING: Pediatric intensive care unit of a
postgraduate teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty children aged 6 months to 15
yrs (median, 5 yrs) with meningococcal septic shock were studied. Paired
convalescent samples taken 8-10 wks after discharge were available in nine
children. INTERVENTIONS: Routine management for meningococcal sepsis.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were classified for disease severity
using the Glasgow Meningococcal Septicaemia Prognostic Score. Paired acute and
convalescent samples were compared. Transferrin level (1.77 +/- 0.08 g/L) and
total iron-binding capacity (46.2 +/- 2.0 &mgr;M) were significantly decreased
in acute patients compared with paired convalescent samples (2.85 +/- 0.10 g/L
and 74.4 +/- 2.5 &mgr;M, respectively; p <.0001). The iron saturation of
transferrin was significantly increased in acute disease (36.9% +/- 2.5%)
compared with convalescence (18.8% +/- 1.5%; p =.0003). Iron-binding
antioxidant protection was not significantly different in acute (81.4% +/-
1.7%) and paired convalescent samples (85.6% +/- 2.5%; p =.54). However,
patients with more severe meningococcal septicemia (GMSPS, >10; n = 12) had
significantly diminished protection (77.5% +/- 2.4%) compared with less severe
disease (87.1% +/- 1.6%; p =.0028), and there was a significant correlation
between disease severity and iron-binding antioxidant protection (R =.48; p
=.00067) in acute disease. Paired ceruloplasmin levels were available in six
patients and were decreased in acute disease (0.29 +/- 0.02 g/L) compared with
convalescence (0.40 +/- 0.04 g/L), although not statistically significant (p
=.076). However, there was a significant correlation between plasma
ceruloplasmin and disease severity (Pearson product moment correlation, p
=.038) in the acute patients. Iron-oxidizing antioxidant assays were performed
in four paired samples and were diminished in acute patients (53.3 +/- 4.4%)
compared with convalescence (67.8 +/- 3.2%; p =.015). Acute samples
demonstrated a significant relationship between iron-oxidizing antioxidant
protection and both disease severity (r =.30; p =.012) and plasma ceruloplasmin
levels (r =.48; p =.00067). CONCLUSIONS: Children with meningococcal septicemia
exhibit abnormal plasma iron chemistry and decreased protection against
iron-catalyzed oxidative damage. Such deficiencies correlate with disease
severity.

PMID: 12130989

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doe - 17 Feb 2004 11:27 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1991 Jul;112(7):65-7.  Related Articles, Links  

[Effects of sodium hypochlorite on oxygen balance and functional state of the
small intestine in experimental peritonitis]

[Article in Russian]

Kulaev GK, Polivoda MD, Ettinger AI, Anurov MV.

Sodium hypochlorite, administrated intravenously and intraperitoneally, leads
to normal oxygen balance, metabolism and motility of small intestine in
peritonitis. Anti-hypoxia effect of this substance is realized by an increase
of oxygen content in the blood. It is useful to use sodium hypochlorite in
general peritonitis for antibacterial therapy and against tissue hypoxia
without side effects.

PMID: 1793860 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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doe - 17 Feb 2004 11:44 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 22 lines]
>
>Do you have other info?

Vestn Khir Im I I Grek. 1993 May-Jun;150(5-6):18-21.  Related Articles, Links  

[Sodium hypochlorite in the treatment of suppurative peritonitis]

[Article in Russian]

Petrosian EA.

The method of indirect electrochemical oxidation was used in treatment of 34
patients with acute purulent peritonitis. Twenty patients treated by the
traditional method were taken as a group of comparison. The method consists in
the elevation of sensitivity of the polyresistant microflora to antibiotics
after the introduction into the abdominal cavity of a warmed to 37 degrees C
0.06--0.08% solution of sodium hypochlorite (100-400 ml), buffered with sodium
bicarbonate 0.4 g NaHO3 per 100 ml. A combined application of buffered sodium
hypochlorite with antibiotics to patients with local, diffuse and general
peritonitis resulted in shorter average terms of treatment correspondingly to
(9 +/- 0.9), (13 +/- 1.3), (16 +/- 1.9) days against (17.2 +/- 2.4), (25.0 +/-
3.3), (34.7 +/- 4.1) days after traditional methods of treatment. Only 2
patients died of 13 patients with general peritonitis (15.38%). Thus, modelling
the processes of oxidative detoxication and phagocytosis with using a
transmitter of acute oxygen--an electrolysis solution of sodium hypochlorite is
a practically safe and technically simple method of the active action on the
inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity, so it may be widely used in
treatment of peritonitis.

PMID: 8091571 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Anesteziol Reanimatol. 2001 Mar-Apr;(2):48-51.  Related Articles, Links  

[Electrochemical detoxication of the lymph in the treatment of patients with
suppurative-resorptive endotoxicosis]

[Article in Russian]

Fedoseev AV, Tarasenko SV, Zaitsev OV.

A new method for lymph detoxication in patients with pyoresorptive
endotoxicosis is proposed. The method is based on electrochemical oxidation of
the lymph, is simple and cheap. After 4-h exposure of the lymph with 0.04%
sodium hypochlorite the concentration of the main toxic metabolites appreciably
decreased, while the levels of total protein and leukocytes changed negligibly.
Electrochemical detoxication of the lymph was used in the treatment of 13
patients with pyoresorptive endotoxicosis and led to improvement of the
clinical status and rapid decrease in the levels of the major toxic
metabolites, which was particularly expressed 3 days after the treatment. No
negative effects were observed. Hence, electrochemical detoxication of the
lymph appreciably improved the results of treatment of patients with
cholestatic endotoxicosis.

PMID: 11494902 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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N. Thornton - 17 Feb 2004 17:20 GMT
> >Subject: Re: Septicaemia

> Anesteziol Reanimatol. 2001 Mar-Apr;(2):48-51.  Related Articles, Links  
>
[quoted text clipped - 19 lines]
>
> PMID: 11494902 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Excellant stuff Tom, thank you. I found stacks more articles on
several promising techniques: when this time is past I'll post them
for everyone.

Cheers!
NT
N. Thornton - 20 Feb 2004 22:45 GMT
> Hi
>
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> Thanks, NT

Any more input on this would be very welcome, this is still an ongoing situation.

Thanks, NT
doe - 01 Mar 2004 10:45 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
[quoted text clipped - 19 lines]
>
>Thanks, NT

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/410024

The Potential of Bismuth-Thiols for Treatment and Prevention of Infection

You may wish to do a search of lactoferrin and here is a recent article ..

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/464466

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N. Thornton - 01 Mar 2004 21:36 GMT
> http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/410024
>
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> Who loves ya.
> Tom

Great, I'll get onto that now. The links dont yield anything readable,
but I'll search on the keywords.

Thanks! NT
N. Thornton - 03 Mar 2004 09:38 GMT
> ironjustice@aol.comdoe (doe) wrote in message news:<20040301054501.06534.

> > You may wish to do a search of lactoferrin and here is a recent article ..
> >
> > http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/464466

> Great, I'll get onto that now. The links dont yield anything readable,
> but I'll search on the keywords.
>
> Thanks! NT

OK I turned up plenty on bismuth thiols, but not lactoferrin.
Lactoferrin yielded page after page of rubbish. The medscape articles
arent accessible: do you have any other leads on this?

Thanks, NT
doe - 14 Mar 2004 18:39 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia

Below are snips from two separate posters ..

<<snip>>

> > Recently I have seen two seriously disabled ME sufferers make
> > remarkable recover with UV blood irradiation treatment. Also my wife
> > has found the treatment cleared a recurrent staph infection that
> > defeated antibiotics.

Only 200ml of blood is cycled out and back in. The "dead stuff" is not
filtered so it results in an immune response. That's how it works. It
certainly cleared up a strain of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus
aureus that my wife had. The high cost is due to time involved. The
procedure takes at least a hour. It can't be rushed.

<<snip>>

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doe - 26 Mar 2004 15:46 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia

Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Mar;4(3):455-9.  Related Articles, Links  

 
Deferoxamine administration in septic animals: improved survival and altered
apoptotic gene expression.

Messaris E, Antonakis PT, Memos N, Chatzigianni E, Leandros E, Konstadoulakis
MM.

Laboratory of Surgical Research, First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery,
Hippocrateion Hospital, Athens Medical School, University of Athens, Vas Sofias
114, Ano Patisia, Athens 111 41, Greece.

Background: Oxidative damage is one of the major factors that lead to cell
damage, organ dysfunction and death in sepsis. Thus, an attractive candidate
for the pharmacologic treatment of the septic syndrome is desferoxamine (DFX),
an antioxidant iron chelator used for the removal of iron and a potential free
radical scavenger. Objective: The impact of DFX administration on the survival
of septic animals. The effect on cell integrity and cycle of vital organs.
Methods: Sepsis was induced in 40 rats using the cecal ligation and puncture
method (CLP) and 20 rats randomly received twice subcutaneously DFX (total
dose: 40 mg/kg). Rats were monitored for 36 h and all vital organs were
harvested for pathology examination and immunohistochemical detection of Bax,
Bcl-2, cytochrome c and caspase-8 apoptosis regulating proteins. Results: Mean
survival in the DFX group was 34.2 h (median 36.0, S.D. 4.4) and 30.2 h (median
36.0, S.D. 9.1) in the control group (p=0.04), while 36 h after follow up 85%
of the DFX-treated rats and 55% of placebo rats were alive (p=0.04). Expression
of pro-apoptotic bax protein was significantly increased in the heart, liver
and kidney of animals in the DFX group compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Treatment with the polymeric iron chelator DFX significantly
increases survival of septic subjects and alters the expression of bax, an
apoptosis regulating protein in certain organs (heart, liver and kidney).

PMID: 15037222 [PubMed - in process]

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J - 21 Feb 2004 01:12 GMT
> Hi
>
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> Thanks, NT

You've posted about a cat and abscess, a wound healing on someone's back
and other infection related posts.
How about more details?
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/septicemia/causes.htm
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/septicemia/intro.htm
J
N. Thornton - 21 Feb 2004 12:04 GMT
> > The situation is: Septicaemia, plus a few local infections, CD4 count
> > zero, infections have not responded to the first wave of hospital
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> > difference to the outcome in any way, please let me know. I'll check
> > this in the morning.

> You've posted about a cat and abscess, a wound healing on someone's back
> and other infection related posts.
> How about more details?

OK. An experimental last ditch treatment involved killing all CD4
cells and all bone marrow. This is human, not cat. Bone marrow was
then transplanted back to regnerate the immune system. While the
treament seemed successful initially, the first bone marrow transplant
failed. The patient now has a zero CD4 count and has developed
septicaemia. The septicaemia has been treated with antibiotics IV and
direct into the spinal fluid. However the level of infection has not
improved, the bacteria are antibiotic resistant. A second bone marrow
transplant can not be done unless the septicaemia is resolved first.

So we're now getting into experimental treatments that show promising
results, and last ditch treatment options. Desferrioxamin and vitamin
E are now being tried in addition to the antibiotics. From the study
quoted earlier in this thread:

Rats treated with antibiotics alone (Group 5) had a mortality rate of
40%.
Those treated with a combination of antibiotics and vitamin E (Group
7),
however, had a mortality rate of only 14%, and those treated with
antibiotics
and Dfx had a mortality rate of only 7%.

At the moment I'm searching for all potential treatment options, we
need to pull something out of the hat here, if in any way possible. So
far I've looked at studies on:

Opebecan
Protein C
Teicoplanin
desferrioxamin
vitamin E
antioxidants
sodium hypochlorite
BPI21
Cecropin B
colloidal silver - report, no study, would like a proper study on this
one.
garlic
plasmapheresis and leaucapheresis
blood exchange

Current treatment is:

antibiotics IV
antibiotics into the CSF
ventilation
blood exchange
vitamin E
desferrioxamin

The treatment is in the hands of a research team, I'm searching for
any studies on any techniques that are worth trying here. Given the
extremity of the situation, rat-based studies are enough to work on
when all else has failed.

If there are any techniques I've missed here, or anything else, I'm
all ears.

Thanks, NT
N. Thornton - 24 Feb 2004 00:00 GMT
bigcat@meeow.co.uk (N. Thornton) wrote in message news:<a7076635.0402210404.

> > > The situation is: Septicaemia, plus a few local infections, CD4 count
> > > zero, infections have not responded to the first wave of hospital
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> > > difference to the outcome in any way, please let me know. I'll check
> > > this in the morning.

> OK. An experimental last ditch treatment involved killing all CD4
> cells and all bone marrow. This is human, not cat. Bone marrow was
[quoted text clipped - 56 lines]
>
> Thanks, NT

OK, the infections are:
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)
Staphylococcus aureus

Regards, NT
doe - 24 Feb 2004 12:57 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
>Date: 2/23/2004 5:00 PM Mountain Standard Time
>Message-id: <a7076635.0402231600.7ecec5f5@posting.google.com>

>OK, the infections are:
>Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)

Crit Care Med 2002 Jul;30(7):1623-9

Antioxidant protection against iron in children with meningococcal sepsis.

Festa M, Mumby S, Nadel S, Gutteridge JM, Quinlan GJ
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Imperial College School of Medicine at St
Mary's Hospital, London, UK.

OBJECTIVE: To assess antioxidant protection against iron-catalyzed reactive
oxygen species in meningococcal sepsis and to establish whether severity of
illness is related to deficiencies in these antioxidant systems. DESIGN:
Prospective, controlled study. SETTING: Pediatric intensive care unit of a
postgraduate teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty children aged 6 months to 15
yrs (median, 5 yrs) with meningococcal septic shock were studied. Paired
convalescent samples taken 8-10 wks after discharge were available in nine
children. INTERVENTIONS: Routine management for meningococcal sepsis.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were classified for disease severity
using the Glasgow Meningococcal Septicaemia Prognostic Score. Paired acute and
convalescent samples were compared. Transferrin level (1.77 +/- 0.08 g/L) and
total iron-binding capacity (46.2 +/- 2.0 microM) were significantly decreased
in acute patients compared with paired convalescent samples (2.85 +/- 0.10 g/L
and 74.4 +/- 2.5 microM, respectively; p <.0001). The iron saturation of
transferrin was significantly increased in acute disease (36.9% +/- 2.5%)
compared with convalescence (18.8% +/- 1.5%; p =.0003). Iron-binding
antioxidant protection was not significantly different in acute (81.4% +/-
1.7%) and paired convalescent samples (85.6% +/- 2.5%; p =.54). However,
patients with more severe meningococcal septicemia (GMSPS, >10; n = 12) had
significantly diminished protection (77.5% +/- 2.4%) compared with less severe
disease (87.1% +/- 1.6%; p =.0028), and there was a significant correlation
between disease severity and iron-binding antioxidant protection (R =.48; p
=.00067) in acute disease. Paired ceruloplasmin levels were available in six
patients and were decreased in acute disease (0.29 +/- 0.02 g/L) compared with
convalescence (0.40 +/- 0.04 g/L), although not statistically significant (p
=.076). However, there was a significant correlation between plasma
ceruloplasmin and disease severity (Pearson product moment correlation, p
=.038) in the acute patients. Iron-oxidizing antioxidant assays were performed
in four paired samples and were diminished in acute patients (53.3 +/- 4.4%)
compared with convalescence (67.8 +/- 3.2%; p =.015). Acute samples
demonstrated a significant relationship between iron-oxidizing antioxidant
protection and both disease severity (r =.30; p =.012) and plasma ceruloplasmin
levels (r =.48; p =.00067). CONCLUSIONS: Children with meningococcal septicemia
exhibit abnormal plasma iron chemistry and decreased protection against
iron-catalyzed oxidative damage. Such deficiencies correlate with disease
severity.

PMID: 12130989, UI: 22122887

>Staphylococcus aureus

Years ago I had noticed and questioned research groups as to the use of OTHER
bacteria to 'fight' bacteria .. due to .. the finding in / on fish that there
were some luminescent bacteria which seemed to be killing the meningococcal
strain.

I had received 'less than encouraging' .. answers ..

A year or so ago while researching I did find a few studies in which the
researchers ARE / were finding strains of luminescent bacteria which they were
finding in the darndest places which they are / were theorizing were / ARE
going to be potential treatments .. by introducing them to a host which is /
was being ravaged by bacteria.

THAT may be an avenue.

I'll try to find some of the studies.

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N. Thornton - 24 Feb 2004 20:29 GMT
> >Subject: Re: Septicaemia
> >From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)

> >OK, the infections are:
> >Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)

> Crit Care Med 2002 Jul;30(7):1623-9
>
[quoted text clipped - 64 lines]
> Who loves ya.
> Tom

excellant, ty.

Regards, NT
doe - 25 Feb 2004 11:06 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
>Date: 2/24/2004 1:29 PM Mountain Standard Time
>Message-id: <a7076635.0402241229.1475e21a@posting.google.com>

I didn't mention ... phytic acid ..

Natural iron chelator ..

Since studies have now recommended the COMBINED treatment of different
antibiotics ..

  [Inhibitory effect of inositol hexasulfate and inositol hexaphosphoric
  acid (phytic acid) on the proliferation of the human immunodeficiency
  virus (HIV) in vitro]
 
  Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1989 Jul;63(7):676-83. Unique Identifier :
  AIDSLINE MED/90131940
  Otake T; Shimonaka H; Kanai M; Miyano K; Ueba N; Kunita N; Kurimura T
    _________________________________________________________________
 
  Abstract: The monosaccharide substances inositol hexasulfate (IHS) and
  inositol hexaphosphoric acid (Phytic acid, IHP) were investigated for
  their antiviral effect on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in
  vitro. In MT-4 cells IHS completely inhibited the cytopathic effect of
  HIV and the HIV specific antigen expression at a concentration of 1.67
  mg/ml. IHP moderately inhibited both of HIV effects as mentioned
  above.
    _________________________________________________________________
 
  Keywords: *Antiviral Agents English Abstract Human HIV/*DRUG
  EFFECTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT HTLV-I Infections/PATHOLOGY
  Inositol/*ANALOGS & DERIVATIVES/PHARMACOLOGY Monocytes/DRUG
  EFFECTS/MICROBIOLOGY Phytic Acid/*PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
 
  SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
  protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).
 

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N. Thornton - 26 Feb 2004 02:01 GMT
> I didn't mention ... phytic acid ..
>
> Natural iron chelator ..

Thanks Tom. Theres no HIV involved in this case though. Given another
study you mentioned, iron chelation might possibly inhibit bacterial
growth too - do you know of a study of phytic acid used to control
bacteria?

Thanks, NT
doe - 26 Feb 2004 06:43 GMT
>Subject: Re: Septicaemia
>From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)
>Date: 2/25/2004 7:01 PM Mountain Standard Time
>Message-id: <a7076635.0402251801.793be0ef@posting.google.com>

It seems apotransferrin may be the .. key ..

J Biomed Mater Res. 2003 Jul 1;66A(1):21-8.  Related Articles, Links  

 
The inhibitory activity of serum to prevent bacterial adhesion is mainly due to
apo-transferrin.

Ardehali R, Shi L, Janatova J, Mohammad SF, Burns GL.

Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
84112-9202, USA.

A marked, up to 5-fold, reduction in bacterial adhesion to Tecoflex
polyurethane (PU) surfaces was observed in the presence of bovine/human serum
or plasma at 0.5% or higher concentrations in the medium. Further investigation
of the phenomenon resulted in identification, isolation, and characterization
of the serum component with the ability to significantly reduce bacterial
adhesion. Upon fractionation of bovine serum by an anion exchange
chromatography, protein pools were made and analyzed by immunoelectrophoresis
and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS and were
examined for their effect on the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis to PU
surfaces. The pool exhibiting a significant inhibitory effect was subjected to
further biochemical tests, which resulted in the identification of transferrin
(Tf) as its predominant protein. Bacterial adhesion studies in the presence of
purified Tf revealed that holo-Tf (iron-containing form) had no influence on
bacterial adhesion at any concentration. Only apo-Tf (iron-lacking form)
exerted the inhibitory effect, in a dose responsive manner at concentrations of
10 microg/mL or higher. Bacteria remained viable when suspended at the low
apo-Tf concentrations, sufficient to prevent bacterial adhesion. Copyright 2003
Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 12833427 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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N. Thornton - 26 Feb 2004 22:56 GMT
> >From: bigcat@meeow.co.uk  (N. Thornton)

> 10 microg/mL or higher. Bacteria remained viable when suspended at the low
> apo-Tf concentrations, sufficient to prevent bacterial adhesion. Copyright

OK, now how would that affect a human with septicaemia? How does
bacterial adhesion play a role there? Does it make a dfference if the
circulating bugs are in the blood or attatched to something?

Regards, NT
 
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