Protective effects of soybean phospholipid liposome on glutamate-
induced nerve cell injury in vitro★

Jianying Xiao, Xin Zhang, Yujie Liu

Department of Biochemistry, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou
121001, Liaoning Province, China

Jianying Xiao★, Master, Professor, Department of Biochemistry,
Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou    121001, Liaoning Province,
China

Xiao JY, Zhang X, Liu YJ. Protective effects of soybean phospholipid
liposome on glutamate-induced nerve cell injury in vitro. Neural Regen
Res 2007;2(10):587-90

www.sjzsyj.com/Journal/0710/07-10-587.html

Received: 2007-06-27;Accepted: 2007-07-26    (07-S-6-0586/YWY)
Corresponding author: Jianying Xiao, Master, Professor, Department of
Biochemistry, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou   121001, Liaoning
Province, China   E-mail: xiaojianying6886@yahoo.com.cn

Abstract
BACKGROUND: It has been previously reported that soybean phosphatide
could reduce the cerebral ischemia damage obviously. Whether soybean
phospholipid liposome (SPL) can protect cerebral cortical neurons
cultured in vitro from glutamate (Glu)-induced neurotoxicity,
particularly nerve cell membrane damage has not been fully
investigated.
OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effects of SPL on Glu-induced
neurotoxicity of neurons in culture, and to discuss the possible
mechanisms of neuroprotection.
DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, Liaoning Medical University.
MATERIALS: Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats, of either gender, aged 0 to 1
day, were involved in this study. Drugs and reagents: poly-L-lysine
and L-glutamate were purchased from Sigma company (USA).
METHODS: The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry
of Jinzhou Medical University from November 2004 to June 2005.
Glu（1×10-4 mol/L）was added to cortical neurons in injury group for 3
hours, while different concentrations of SPL (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 g/L)
were added at the same time in the SPL groups. Neurons in the normal
control group were untouched.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:  According to the instruction of reagent kit,
lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and nitric oxide(NO) content in
the supernatant fluid of the culture medium were assayed, and the
activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and superoxide dismutase(SOD),
malonaldehyde (MDA) content in the neurocytes were also determined.
RESULTS: ①Activities of LDH and NOS,  as well as NO content in the
supernatant fluid of injury group were significantly higher than those
of normal control group (P < 0.01). Activities of LDH and NOS, and NO
content in the supernatant fluid of SPL groups were significantly
lower than those of injury group (P < 0.01). ②MDA content of the SPL
groups was significantly lower than that of injury group (P < 0.01);
SOD activity of neurons in the injury group was significantly lower
than that in the normal control group (P < 0.01), but was
significantly higher than that in the injury group (P < 0.01). ③ The
protective effect of SPL increased with increasing concentration (0.2-
0.8 g/L), and plateaus at around 1.6 g/L.
CONCLUSION: SPL can protect rat cerebral cortical neurons from Glu-
induced neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. This protection is
possibly related to SPL's effect against damages associated with lipid
peroxidation.
Key Words: soybean phospholipid liposome; glutamate; nerve cell
culture; cerebral ischemia

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