http://www.sld.cu/galerias/pdf/sitios/mednat/herbal_medicines_stds_and_aids.pdf

Table 2
List of plants reported to possess anti-HSV activity
Species (family) Vernacular name and traditional uses Indigenous to
Active constituent/fraction/extract In vitro or in vivo assay
model
References
A. catechu Linn. (Palmae) Betel nut India, China,
Asia
Methanol and aqueous extracts of seed Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells
Hattori et al., 1995
B. trinervis Pers. (Compositae)
/ / Aqueous extract In vitro HeLa cells infected
with HSV
Abad et al., 1999
Bauhinia vahlii Wight and
Arnott
Bhorla; used for treatment of cuts and
wounds
Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
Camptotheca acuminata
(Nyssaceae)
/ China 10-Methoxycamptothecin Plaque reduction assay Tafur et al.,
1976
Carissa carandus Linn.
(Apocyanaceae)
Karondath; used in diarrhea and dysentry
Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
D. caryophyllus / / Dianthin 32, ribosome inactivating protein Plaque
reduction assay Tomasi et al., 1982
E. articulatum / / Aqueous extract In vitro, HeLa cells infected
with HSV
Abad et al., 1999
Gelonium multiforum / Himalaya Antiretroviral protein GAP31 HSV
infection assay, Plaque
reduction assay
Tomasi et al., 1982;
Bourinbaiar and Lee-
Huang, 1996
G. japonicum Thunb. / / Eugenin Plaque reduction assay on
Vero cells, murine infection
model
Kurokawa et al., 1995,
1998
G. glabra Linn. (Leguminoseae)
Liquorice; used as demulcent, expectorant
England, Spain Glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizic acid Inhibition of viral
growth
in HSV infected cell cultures,
mice model
Pompei et al., 1979;
Utsunomiya et al.,
1995
Gossypium spp (Malvaceae)
Cotton seed India, East Indies,
Egypt
Gossypol, apogossypol / Wichmann et al., 1982
H. acuminata / / Ethanolic extract In vitro Abad et al., 1999
Holoptelia integrifolia
Plance (Ulmaceae)
Used in rheumatic swellings / Methanol extract of bark In vitro, Vero
cells Rajbhandari et al.,
2001
Hypericum cordifolium
Choisy (Hypericeae)
Marmhendo; used in fever Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells
Taylor et al., 1996b
Limonium sinense Girard
Ktze
Used in fever, hemorrhage, and menstrual
disorders
China Ethanolic extract, flavonoids isodihydrosyrengetin,
()epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, samarangenin,
myrecetin, gallic acid, ()epigallocatechin
Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells
Lin et al., 2000
Macaranga pustulata
King ex Hook f. (Euphorbiaceae)
Malato, kala; used in topical treatment
of skin blemishes
Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996b
M. lanceolata Forsskal
(Myrsinaceae)
/ / Maesasaponins triterpenoid saponins Microtray assay, colorimetric
assay
Apers et al., 2001
Maesa macrophylla Wall.
A. DC. (Myrsinaceae)
Bhogati; used in tonsillitis Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero
cells Taylor et al., 1996b
Malotus philippensis Lam.
(Euphorbiaceae)
Sindure, Kamala; used in diarrhea and
dysentry
India, Pakistan,
East Indies, Nepal
Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
M. officinalis (Labiatae) Lemon mint balm; used as carminative,
antispasmodic, sedative
/ / / Wolbing and Leonhardt,
1994
K. Vermani, S. Garg / Journal of Ethnopharmacology 80 (2002) 49/66 58
Table 2 (Continued )
Species (family) Vernacular name and traditional uses Indigenous to
Active constituent/fraction/extract In vitro or in vivo assay
model
References
Milettia extensa Bentham
Baker (Euphorbiaceae)
Gaujo; used in infected wounds and
scabies
Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
M. charantia Linn. (Cucurbitaceae)
Bitter melon, karela; used for antiviral,
hypoglycaemic, antitumor, and immunopotentiating
purposes
China, India Antiretroviral protein MAP30 HSV infection assay, Plaque
reduction assay
Tomasi et al., 1982;
Bourinbaiar and Lee-
Huang, 1996
Myristica fragrans Van
Houtt. (Myristaceae)
Nutmeg / Methanol extract of aril Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells
Hattori et al., 1995
Nerium indicum Mill.
(Apocyanaceae)
Used in swelling, skin infection / Methanol extract In vitro, Vero
cells Rajbhandari et al.,
2001
P. americana (Phytolaccaceae)
Poke root Tropical America,
South Africa
Pokeweed antiviral protein PAP-S Plaque reduction assay Tomasi et al.,
1982
Pongamia glabra Vent.
(Leguminoseae)
/ / Methanol extract of bark and roots Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells
Hattori et al., 1995
Potamogeton malaianus
Miq.
/ / Potamogetonyde, potamogetonol, and potamogetonin
Vero cell line kidney fibroblast
of an African green
monkey
Kittakoop et al., 2001
Punica gratum Linn. (Punicaeae)
Pomegranate, anar / Methanol extract of pericarp Plaque inhibition
assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells
Hattori et al., 1995
R. acuminata L.f. (Anacardiaceae)
/ / Aqueous extract of gall Balb/c mice model Hattori et al., 1995
R. javanica Linn. (Anacardiaceae)
Used in treatment of chronic diseases
such as gastric and duodenal ulcers
China and Japan Aqueous extract, Moronic acid Plaque reduction assay,
guinea pig model, mouse
model
Kurokawa et al., 1995,
1997, 1999; Nakano et
al., 1998
Rumex hastatus D. Don
(Polygonaceae)
Annile; used in tonsillitis and sore throat Nepal Methanol extract In
vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
S. indica Linn. (Leguminoseae)
Asoka / Aqueous extract, Methanol extract of bark Balb/c mice model,
Plaque
reduction assay of HSV-1
on Vero cells
Hattori et al., 1995
Sibbaldia micropetala
(Rosaceae)
Bhui pasari jhar; used in diarrhea and
dysentry
Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996b
Stephania cepharantha / / Methanol extract of root and tubers, 13
bisbenzylisoquinoline
1 protoberberine, 2 morphinamine
In vitro plaque reduction
assay on Vero cells, in vivo
Balb/c mice model
Nawawi et al., 1999
Streblus asper Loureiro
(Moraceae)
Sehor; used in diarrhea and dysentry Nepal Methanol extract In vitro,
Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
S. potatrum L.f. (Loganiaceae)
/ / Methanol extract Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 on Vero cells, Balb/
c mice model
Hattori et al., 1995
S. aromaticum L. Merr. et
Perry (Myrtaceae)
Clove Molucca Eugenin Plaque reduction assay on
Vero cells, Mouse infection
model
Kurokawa et al., 1997,
1998
Terminalia alata Heyne ex
Roth (Combretaceae)
Saj; used in diarrhea and dysentry Nepal Methanol extract In vitro,
Vero cells Taylor et al., 1996a
T. chebula Retz. (Combretaceae)
Harida, myrobalan / Aqueous extract of fruit Plaque reduction assay,
Balb/c mice model
Kurokawa et al., 1995,
1997
K. Vermani, S. Garg / Journal of Ethnopharmacology 80 (2002) 49/66 59
Table 2 (Continued )
Species (family) Vernacular name and traditional uses Indigenous to
Active constituent/fraction/extract In vitro or in vivo assay
model
References
Tridex procumbens Linn.
(Asteraceae)
Kurkure; used in cuts and wounds Nepal Methanol extract In vitro, Vero
cells Taylor et al., 1996a
Tripterygium wilfordii
Hook fil.
/ / Triptofordin C-2 In vitro Hayashi et al., 1996
Withania somnifera L.
(Solanaceae)
Ashwagandha Israel Methanol extract Plaque inhibition assay of
HSV-1 in Vero cells