by Alan Cantwell, M.D
alancantwell@sbcglobal.net
11-27-5


There is no doubt that AIDS erupted in the U.S. shortly after
government-sponsored hepatitis B vaccine experiments (1978-1981) using gay men
as guinea pigs. The epidemic was caused by the "introduction" of a new
retrovirus (the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV for short); and the
introduction of a new herpes-8 virus, the virus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma,
widely known as the "gay cancer" of AIDS. The taboo theory that AIDS is a
man-made disease is largely based on research showing an intimate connection
between government vaccine experiments and the outbreak of "the gay plague"

The widely accepted theory is that HIV/AIDS originated in a monkey or chimpanzee
virus that "jumped species" in Africa. However, it is clear that the first AIDS
cases were recorded in gay men in Manhattan in 1979, a few years before the
epidemic was first noticed in Africa in 1982. It is now claimed that the human
herpes-8 virus (also called the KS virus), discovered in 1994, also originated
when a primate herpes virus jumped species in Africa. How two African
species-jumping viruses ended up exclusively in gay men in Manhattan beginning
in the late 1970s has never been satisfactorily explained.
Researchers who claim AIDS is a man-made disease believe it is much more likely
that these two primate viruses were introduced and spread during the
government's recruitment of thousands of male homosexuals beginning in 1974.

Large numbers of gay men in Manhattan donated blood for the experimental
hepatitis B vaccine trial, which took place at the New York Blood Center in
Manhattan in 1978. Extensive evidence supporting the man-made theory of AIDS is
easily found on the Internet by Googling: man-made origin of AIDS; and in my two
books, "AIDS and the Doctors of Death" and "Queer Blood: The Secret AIDS
Genocide Plot."

Government interest in "gay health" before the AIDS epidemic

Beginning in the mid-1970s, government scientists became interested in the
health of gay men, particularly in the realm of sexually-transmitted diseases,
and specifically in the sexual transmission of the hepatitis B virus. The early
1970s was a time when large numbers of gays come out of the closet and
identified themselves as homosexuals at government-sponsored health clinics.
Organizations such as the Gay Men's Health Project were formed at this time.
Promiscuous gays were avidly sought as volunteers to test the efficacy of a
newly-developed hepatitis B vaccine manufactured by Merck and the National
Institutes of Health (NIH).

By 1977 over 13,000 Manhattan gays were screened to secure the final 1083 men
who would serve as guinea pigs to test the hepatitis B vaccine. The vaccine was
manufactured from the combined plasma of 30 highly selected gay men who carried
the hepatitis B virus in their blood. Developed over a period of 65 weeks during
1977-1978 and tested for six months in chimpanzees (the primate in which HIV is
thought to have originated), the first group of gay men were inoculated at the
New York Blood Center in November 1978.

That same year a final cohort of 6875 homosexual men at the San Francisco City
Clinic was assembled to study hepatitis B virus sexual transmission in that
city. By the end of the decade gays in clinics in Los Angeles, Denver, Chicago,
and St. Louis, also came under surveillance by the Centers for Disease Control.
An additional 1402 volunteers were finally selected to participate in similar
vaccine experiments in those cities beginning in March 1980.

Before 1978 there was no stored blood anywhere in the U.S. that tested positive
for HIV or the KS virus. There were no cases of AIDS and no cases of "gay
cancer" in young men.
The first cases of AIDS appeared shortly after the experiment began in
Manhattan. In June 1981 the epidemic became official and was quickly labeled the
"gay ­related immune deficiency syndrome", later known as AIDS.

The gay community was the most hated minority in America. After the experiments
ended, the gay community was decimated by the "gay plague." In the first years
of AIDS, the epidemic was largely ignored by the government (see Randy Shilt's
best-seller, "And the Band Played On") and the disease was blamed on gay anal
sex, drugs, and promiscuity. Gays were immediately labeled "high risk."

In my view, what made gay men "high risk" was the fact that they were the
exclusive volunteers for government medical experiments that undoubtedly put
them at "high risk." The evidence for this conclusion is outlined in this
report. Further evidence can be obtained from abstracts of scientific reports
available on the Internet at the PubMed website of the National Library of
Medicine.

The gay hepatitis B experiments (1978-1981)

The experimental hepatitis B vaccine injected into gays was unlike any other
vaccine previously made. As stated, it was developed in chimpanzees and
manufactured in a year-long process of sterilization and purification of the
pooled blood of 30 gay men who were hepatitis B virus carriers.

The final group of 1083 selected for the first experiment at the Blood Center
were inoculated from November 1978 until October 1979. At one point, there was
great concern that the vaccine might be contaminated. According to June
Goodfield's Quest for the Killers, p 86, "This was no theoretical fear,
contamination having been suspected in one batch made by the National Institutes
of Health, though never in Merck's." Each gay man was given three inoculations
of the vaccine over a period of three months. The vaccine proved successful with
96% of the men developing protective antibodies against the hepatitis B virus.

It has been assumed by some that these men might have been already
immunosuppressed due to promiscuity and venereal disease. Although the young men
in the study were indeed "promiscuous" (this was a requirement for entrance into
the study), they were in excellent health. Despite many previous sexual
partners, these volunteers had never been infected with the hepatitis B virus,
which was a requirement for participation in the experiment. Furthermore, the
96% success rate would not have been accomplished if the men were
immunosuppressed, because such people often do not respond to the vaccine.
When Robert Gallo's blood test for HIV became available in the mid-1980s, the
New York Blood Center's stored gay blood specimens were reexamined. Most
astonishing is the fact that 20% of the gay men who volunteered for the
hepatitis B experiment in Manhattan were discovered to be HIV-positive in 1980
(one year before the AIDS epidemic became "official" in 1981). This signifies
that Manhattan gays in 1980 had the highest incidence of HIV anywhere in the
world, including Africa, the supposed birthplace of HIV and AIDS. In addition,
we now know that one out of five gay men (20%) tested positive for the new KS
herpes-8 virus in 1982 when stored blood samples from an AIDS trial in New York
City were re-examined by epidemiologists at the NCI in 1999.

Never mentioned by AIDS historians is the fact that the New York Blood Center
established a chimp virus laboratory for viral vaccine research in West Africa
in 1974. One of the purposes of VILAB II, in Robertsfield, Liberia, was to
develop the hepatitis B vaccine in chimps. The lab also prides itself by
releasing "rehabilitated" (but virus-infected) chimps back into the wild,
perhaps accounting for some of the ancestors of HIV and the KS virus found in
the jungle by some government researchers.
The Virus Cancer Program and the birth of AIDS
In the decade before AIDS the Virus Cancer Program (1968-1980), sponsored by the
National Institutes of Health, attempted to prove that viruses caused human
cancer. Ultimately the Program was unsuccessful in providing proof, yet it
succeeded in building up the field of animal retrovirology, which led to a more
complete understanding of how cancer-causing and immunosuppressive viruses in
animals might cause disease in humans. The VCP was also the birthplace of
genetic engineering, molecular biology, and the human genome project. As the VCP
was winding down in the late 1970s, the gay experiments began in New York City.

The introduction of HIV and the KS herpes virus into gay men during this period
(along with some "novel" and now-patented mycoplasmas discovered at the Armed
Forces Institute of Pathology) miraculously revived the career of Robert Gallo
and made him the most famous virologist in the world. And, of course, turned the
"failure" of the VCP into a triumph by providing proof that these
primate-derived viruses could cause disease in humans.

The fear of the hepatitis B vaccine

When AIDS began there were scattered reports in the medical journals questioning
whether the "gay plague" might have its origin in the hepatitis B experiments.
It was well-known in medical circles that the vaccine was made from the pooled
plasma of gay men - and there was fear that the AIDS agent might be in the
vaccine. As a result, when the hepatitis B commercial vaccine became available
in July 1982, many people refused to be injected with it.

The fear of the vaccine was readily admitted by the CDC. Nevertheless, in
detailed reports the CDC concluded that the vaccine was safe. Although it was
clear the hepatitis B vaccine eliminated all "known" viruses, this obviously did
not apply to "unknown" viruses at the time, such as HIV and the KS virus.

After HIV was discovered in 1984 some of the vaccine was retested and declared
free of HIV. Of course, it was impossible to say whether the vaccine contained
the KS virus, because this virus was undiscovered until 1994. I am unaware of
any subsequent testing of the vaccine for this herpes KS virus.

Possible contamination problems with the hepatitis vaccine was the impetus that
led Luc Montagnier to hunt for a virus in the new gay disease in the autumn of
1982. He began testing batches of human plasma for "reverse transcriptase
activity", a biochemical sign indicating the possible presence of a retrovirus.
(See page 46 of his book "Virus"). Montagnier's research eventually led to the
first discovery of the AIDS virus at the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

Although the CDC and the New York Blood Center claimed it was safe, many health
professionals refused the hepatitis B vaccine. In 1985, only 23 out of 162 Rhode
Island dentists agreed to take the vaccine because of concerns about AIDS. As
late as 1990, 13 out of 14 black nurses at a university hospital refused to take
the vaccine for the same reason.

The fate of the gay men in the gay experiments

The purpose of the gay experiments was to test a vaccine that could immunize
people against hepatitis B virus. Infection with this virus could lead to severe
liver disease and sometimes to liver cancer. Ironically, an unprecedented
explosion of cancer took place in male homosexuals after the experiment. Reports
of the fate of these men attest to the fact that participating in the
government's experiments was clearly injurious to the health of gay men.

Significantly, there were no reported blood specimens anywhere in the U.S. that
were HIV-positive prior to the epidemic in 1979, except in the samples stored at
the NYBC.
In a May 12, 1983, letter to the editor of The New England Journal of Medicine,
Cladd Stevens (who supervised the NYBC experiment) wrote : "No cases haves
occurred in the vaccine recipients from populations at low risk of AIDS, and
there is no excess incidence in the high-risk population." But this proved to be
incorrect in later reports co-authored by Stevens.

In a 1985 report Cladd Stevens et al. claimed that seven men (out of 1083) were
HIV-positive before they received either vaccine or placebo. If true, this
indicates that HIV (and possibly the KS virus) was already present in the blood
of Manhattan homosexuals and could have contaminated the pooled blood of gays
whose plasma was used to make the vaccine in 1977.

As stated previously, a 1986 report in JAMA showed 20% of the men in the
experiment were already infected with HIV by the end of 1981; and by 1984, more
than 40% of the men were HIV-positive and doomed to death.

Another follow-up study of 8,906 gay men who donated blood for the hepatitis
experiments in Manhattan was released in 1992. Statistical analysis of this
group showed that mortality rates for men aged 25-44 began to rise in the 1980s,
with AIDS the leading cause of death among young men in New York City.
Remarkably, "The all-cause mortality in this cohort in 1988 was 24 times higher
that the mortality rate in the cohort before the beginning of the AIDS
epidemic."

Was the hepatitis B vaccine contaminated with HIV and the KS virus?

Largely forgotten in AIDS history is the hepatitis B vaccine trial that also
took place with 685 gay Dutch volunteers in Amsterdam between November 1980 and
December 1981. Unlike the American vaccine makers, the Dutch researchers heated
their experimental hepatitis B vaccine for added safety.

A 1986 report of the trial clearly states the AIDS virus "was not transmitted by
the heat inactivated hepatitis B vaccine." Of the 685 participants, five were
already infected with HIV when the trial began. The researchers theorized that
HIV entered the Dutch gay population at the end of the 1970s.

Another follow-up Dutch report of this trial in 1993 again suggests the efficacy
of heating the vaccine for safety. (The experimental vaccine was not heated in
the U.S. until after all the gay experiments were completed.) At the end of
1982, one year after the Dutch experiment had ended, only As stated previously,
a 1986 report in JAMA showed 20% of the men in the experiment were already
infected with HIV by the end of 1981; and by 1984, more than 40% of the men were
HIV-positive and doomed to death.

7.5% of the Amsterdam men were infected. In contrast, 26.8% of the men in the
New York experiment were HIV-positive; and a whopping 42.6% of the San Francisco
men were HIV-positive. These statistics showing many men infected in the
American trials in 1982 further prove that Cladd Stevens of the NYBC, and the
CDC, were incorrect in declaring there was no excess incidence of AIDS in the
"high-risk" gay male population.
The fate of all the men who participated in the hepatitis B vaccine trials in
six U.S cities has never been revealed. However, it is likely from the
statistics presented in JAMA in 1986 that many, if not most, of the men
eventually died of AIDS. The actual number of AIDS deaths has never been
revealed, nor have the individual medical records been studied. Attempts to
secure this information have been rebuffed by the Blood Center, due to the
"confidential" nature of the experiment.

"Gay Cancer" and the origin of AIDS
After the introduction of HIV and the KS virus into the U.S. gay male population
in the late 1970s, the incidence of KS skyrocketed.

A 1989 report by Biggar found no cases of KS in young men in New York City
during the years 1973-1976. But by 1985 the incidence of KS in "never-married
men" in Manhattan had increased 1850 times. In San Francisco the rate of KS
increased over 2000 times!

KS is now 20,000 times more common in AIDS patients than in the general
population. A 1985 autopsy study by Lee Moskowitz of 52 AIDS cases (23 Haitians,
19 gays, 5 intravenous drug abusers, 2 hemophiliacs, and 3 persons at unknown
risk) showed that 94% of AIDS patients from the various risk groups had internal
KS. The CDC claims KS now occurs in only 15% of gay men (down from 30% at the
beginning of the epidemic), but these statistics are not based on current
autopsy studies

KS was never a sexually-transmitted disease before the introduction of HIV into
gays. For a century after the first reported KS cases were discovered in Vienna
in 1872, there was no evidence that KS could be transmitted from
person-to-person.

By 1950, a more aggressive "endemic" form of KS was uncovered in African blacks.
Still, there was no evidence the disease was transmissible or contagious.
Suddenly with the introduction of HIV into the homosexual community, scientists
began to view KS as a contagious "gay cancer" out of Africa.

The new KS virus is closely related to a monkey tumor virus, known as herpes
virus saimiri, that was extensively studied by researchers in the VCP in the
decade before the epidemic. Initially found only in KS from AIDS patients, the
new KS virus has also been found in non-AIDS-related KS tumors and in other
forms of cancer, such as lymphoma and multiple myeloma.

HIV is a cancer-causing virus. Infection with HIV (with or without the KS virus)
has resulted in a noticeable increase in various forms of cancer. A 2005 study
of over 4000 AIDS patients showed higher rates of melanoma, basal and squamous
cell skin carcinomas, anal carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease,
when compared with age-adjusted rates for the general United States population.

The KS virus is now in the U.S. blood supply; and blood is not screened
routinely for this virus. A 2001 study indicated that 15% of normal Texas blood
donors showed evidence of KS virus infection in the blood. A 2002 study of
healthy children (ages 4-13) in South Texas showed that 26% had antibodies to
the KS virus in their blood.

Is AIDS a man-made disease?

How did these two viruses of primate origin get into the gay male population to
cause AIDS and a contagious form of cancer? AIDS experts blame monkeys and
chimps in the African jungle. My research indicates it is much more likely these
viruses were introduced during government-sponsored hepatitis B experiments
using gays as unsuspecting guinea pigs. Extensive documentation of past "secret
medical experiments" by the government can be found on Google. A recent BBC news
report (30 Nov 2004) uncovering unauthorized and dangerous HIV drug experiments
on infants and children in New York City orphanages can be found by Googling:
BBC + guinea pig kids.
Until proven otherwise, a "new" HIV retrovirus and a "new" KS virus could easily
have been developed in a laboratory as part of the Virus Cancer Program. In the
decade before AIDS it was common to transfer and adapt primate retroviruses and
herpes viruses into human cells in genetic engineering experiments. Such viruses
were deemed potential "candidate human viruses," as clearly stated in the annual
progress reports of the VCP. For further details on the relationship of the VCP
to the introduction of HIV, Google: virus cancer program + AIDS.

The connection between the hepatitis experiments and the AIDS epidemic was
quickly dismissed by government authorities two decades ago. However, it is
clear from a review of the scientific literature that the "gay plague" began
immediately after the government experiments; and the experiments permanently
damaged the health of the gay community, and led to continuing spread of HIV
into the "general population."

Are we to believe that all this is merely a coincidence -and that AIDS in
America resulted simply from two viruses jumping species in the African jungle?
Or is the origin of HIV and AIDS -and the KS virus- related to secret medical
research and covert human testing, as suggested here.

[Dr. Alan Cantwell is a retired dermatologist; and the author of five books on
the man-made origin of AIDS and the infectious origin of cancer, all published
by Aries Rising Press, PO Box 29532, Los Angeles, CA 90029
(www.ariesrisingpress.com). Email: alancantwell@sbcglobal.net. Abstracts of 30
published papers can be found at the PubMed website. Many of his personal
writings can be found on www.google.com by typing in key words "alan cantwell" +
articles. His latest book is Four Women Against Cancer: Bacteria, Cancer and the
Origin of Life. His books are available on www.amazon.com and through Book
Clearing House @ 1-800-431-1579]

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Cantwell A: Queer Blood: The secret AIDS genocide plot. Aries Rising Press, Los
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Dollard SC, Nelson KE, Ness PM, Stambolis V, Kuehnert MJ, Pellett PE, Cannon MJ.
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Biggar RJ, Burnett W, Mikl J, Nasca P. Cancer among New York men at risk of
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Baillargeon J, Deng JH, Hettler E, Harrison C, Grady JJ, Korte LG, Alexander J,
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Aug;67(4):542-8.

Alan

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Can't you see we're still here,
Singing loud; Singing clear,
We shall not go under,
We're still here."

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