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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Epilepsy / November 2007Iron In Epileptogenesis
"Neuronal loss and reactive glial proliferation induced by iron" Nitric oxide synthase and NMDA receptor expressions in cavernoma tissues with epileptogenesis Authors: Kamida, T.; Takeda, Y.; Fujiki, M.; Abe, T.; Abe, E.; Kobayashi, H. Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 116, Number 6, December 2007 , pp. 368-373(6) Abstract: Kamida T, Takeda Y, Fujiki M, Abe T, Abe E, Kobayashi H. Nitric oxide synthase and NMDA receptor expressions in cavernoma tissues with epileptogenesis. Acta Neurol Scand 2007: 116: 368-373. © 2007 The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard. Objectives - To investigate the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) and the glutamate systems to epileptogenicity of cavernoma (CA). Methods - Using immunohistochemistry we examined NO synthases (NOS; neuronal, inducible and endothelial) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits 1(NR1) and 2A/B (NR2A/B) in tissues, with and without hemosiderin deposits, adjacent to CA resected from temporal (seven patients) and frontal (one patient) lobes. Results - All isoforms of NOS, especially iNOS expression, was significantly upregulated in company with NR2A/B expression, not only in declining neuronal cells but also in reactive astrocytes in the tissue, with hemosiderin deposits, adjacent to CA and moreover the degree of iNOS expression was significantly correlated with seizure frequency. Conclusions - These preliminary results sustain a speculation that excessive NO may generate in the tissue surrounding CA with repeated microhaemorrhaging and seizures. The neuronal loss and reactive glial proliferation induced by iron or NO may play a role in epileptogenesis. Keywords: nitric oxide synthase; N-methyl-D-aspartate; cavernoma; hemosiderin deposits; epileptogenesis Document Type: Research article DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00885.x Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk >> On Nov 10, 3:15 am, "ironjust...@aol.com" <ironjust...@aol.com> wrote:The neuronal loss and reactive glial proliferation induced by iron or NO may play a role in epileptogenesis.<< "iron overload other than the C282Y mutation underlies epilepsy" J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:551-553 ( April ) Short report Iron overload without the C282Y mutation in patients with epilepsy M Ikeda Department of Clinical Research, National Saigata Hospital, Ohgata- machi, Niigata 949-3193, Japan massie@saigata-nh.go.jp Received 7 September 2000 and in revised form 13 December 2000; Accepted 14 December 2000 To test the hypothesis that iron overload predisposes to epilepsy, transferrin saturation in 130 patients with epilepsy and sex and age matched 128 control subjects without epilepsy were studied. Mean transferrin saturation was significantly higher in the epilepsy group (39.9 (SD 19.6)%) than in the control group (29.1 (SD 14.9)%). Abnormally high transferrin saturations (men>60%, women>48%) were found in 10 patients with epilepsy but in only one subject without epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs did not affect the transferrin saturation. Of the 11 with abnormally high transferrin saturation, two with epilepsy were heterozygotic for H63D in the haemochromatosis gene but no patient had the C282Y mutation. These results indicate that iron overload other than the C282Y mutation underlies epilepsy. Keywords: epilepsy; haemochromatosis; iron overload -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- © 2001 by Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk > "Neuronal loss and reactive glial proliferation induced byiron" > [quoted text clipped - 52 lines] > > DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk |
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