Play the trumpet myself.  I'd probably go with your surgeon's advice,
especially if he/she understands the dynamics of brass instruments.  Since
the mouthpiece doesn't actually press directly in the second bicuspid area
(unless you have one strange embouchure!).  The only concern is the
increased air pressure in the oral cavity, which probably isn't an issue
unless you play like Dizzy, with your cheeks out.

I'd say a week outta be enough for #13.  If it was an incisor, I'd want a
month.  If you were a Sousaphone player, I'd want a year!