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Medical Forum / General / Cardiology / December 2004What can one do to reduce LDL's
Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to concentrate on LDL. Would natural seed pastes such as sesame paste made from sesame seeds and known as Tahini, be responsible? I use one teaspoon per day and that would be 2/3 of a gram of satfat! But natural satfat! Not even processing involved. Thanks! I'm convinced that most doctors are really not into nutrition and instinctively reach for tht dreaded prescription pad.. Mike mppg1@att.net Help please? > Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = > 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] > mppg1@att.net > Help please? You might consider asking your doctor to perform a subclass analysis of you LDL. Not all LDL is "atherogenic", or bad. http://tinyurl.com/y009  Signature~~~ Patrick Blanchard, M.D., A.B.F.P. Board Certified in Family Practice http://www.familydoctor.org/blanchard ~~~ SonoScore Winning against heart attack and stroke http://www.sonoscore.com > Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = > 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to > concentrate on LDL. Would natural seed pastes such as sesame paste > made from sesame seeds and known as Tahini, be responsible? Could be. > I use one > teaspoon per day and that would be 2/3 of a gram of satfat! But > natural satfat! Not even processing involved. Doesn't matter. Saturated is saturated. > Thanks! I'm convinced that most doctors are really not into nutrition > and instinctively reach for tht dreaded prescription pad.. What about the rest of your medical history? Are you overweight? Do you have hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease, et cetera? > Mike > mppg1@att.net > Help please? Certainly. Humbly, Andrew -- Dr. Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD Board-Certified Cardiologist http://www.heartmdphd.com/ Sat, 06 Dec 2003 16:09:59 -0500 in article <3FD245A7.2A7B6ADB@heartmdphd.com> "Dr. Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD" <andrew@heartmdphd.com> wrote: >> Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = >> 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to [quoted text clipped - 8 lines] > >Doesn't matter. Saturated is saturated. One cannot eliminate saturated fatty acids from the diet. Teaspoon of tahini contains only about 0.34 g of them (not 2/3 of a gram), which is far less than in a teaspoon of fish, olive or soy oil, just to mention a few. It also contains considerably larger amount of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. 6 Dec 2003 04:39:54 -0800 in article <a20043.0312060439.8fcdeef@posting.google.com> axipolti@yahoo.com (Michael P Gabriel) wrote: >Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = >3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to >concentrate on LDL. Would natural seed pastes such as sesame paste >made from sesame seeds and known as Tahini, be responsible? I use one >teaspoon per day and that would be 2/3 of a gram of satfat! But >natural satfat! Not even processing involved. Actually you get less than 2/3 of gram of saturated fatty acids from a teaspoonful of tahini, about 0.34 g. That's negligible, IMHO, especially considering that you also get 0.91 g monounsaturated and 1.06 g polyunsaturated fatty acids from the same teaspoonful of tahini. These figures are based on Search the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference <http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/cgi-bin/nut_search.pl> Note that you also get 0.9 g, 0.6 g and 0.65 g saturated fatty acids from a teaspoonful of fish oil, olive oil and soy oil, respectively, each of which is more than you get from a teaspoonful of tahini. There are tiny amounts of saturated fatty acids in practically all oils and fats. You cannot avoid getting some saturated fatty acids, if you're going to eat fat. And you are, because fat free diet is besides unhealthy, also impossible to implement in practice. What you can avoid is to eat foods whose fat content consists _predominantly_ of saturated fatty acids, such as meats and animal fat, (excluding fat from fish, marine mammals and other seafood). Sun, 07 Dec 2003 00:16:24 +0200 in article <49j4tvs73si5v7mcrv23eb8ni6u56ejbof@4ax.com> Matti Narkia <mnng@despammed.com> wrote: >6 Dec 2003 04:39:54 -0800 in article ><a20043.0312060439.8fcdeef@posting.google.com> axipolti@yahoo.com (Michael [quoted text clipped - 15 lines] > Search the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference > <http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/cgi-bin/nut_search.pl> So the amount of saturated fatty acids in tahini gives no reason for concern. However, it has a rather high amount of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which we tend to get too much in comparison with omega-3 fatty acids. One teaspoonful of tahini a day will not harm you and will probably be good for you, but if you start consuming larger amounts of tahini, say several tablespoons a day or more, you may be getting too much omega-6 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are very important for the general health and for the prevention of fatal cardiac incidents. Best sources are fatty fish and fish oil, which contain omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. Best plant sources are ground flaxseed and flaxseed oil, but they contain alpha-linolenic acid, which body has to convert to EPA and DHA, and this conversion is slow and inefficient. Hi, With your ratio at 3.4 you're in good shape. It's as important to increase HDL as it is to reduce LDL. Try oatmeal - one cup daily may reduce LDL by 10%. Also, avoid saturated fat - stick unsaturated - olive oil, for example. To reduce CHD risk be sure to eat 2x fatty fish (salmon, etc) weekly. No, sesame seeds wouldn't increase LDL. Eating a higher % of fats in your diet can improve your lipid profile if they are "good" fats. See http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html > Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = > 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] > mppg1@att.net > Help please? 7 Dec 2003 03:56:42 -0800 in article <b06e736a.0312070356.2176f0be@posting.google.com> >> Hi, My lipid profile is not too bad...C=204 and CH / HDL ratio = >> 3.4. All others within range except LDL's-129. Also, I want to [quoted text clipped - 11 lines] >if they are "good" fats. See >http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html That's good advice and an excellent link. There is a lot of other useful information on that Harvard School of Public Health Nutrition Source web site, for example Harvard'd food pyramid <http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/pyramids.html> and information about fiber <http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fiber.html> and carbohydrates <http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/carbohydrates.html> There is also a recent study which showed that cholesterol can be lowered by a diet as much as with lovastatin: Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A, Faulkner DA, Wong JM, de Souza R, Emam A, Parker TL, Vidgen E, Lapsley KG, Trautwein EA, Josse RG, Leiter LA, Connelly PW. Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein. JAMA. 2003 Jul 23;290(4):502-10. PMID: 12876093 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE <http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/290/4/502> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=1 2876093&dopt=Abstract> "... RESULTS: The control, statin, and dietary portfolio groups had mean (SE) decreases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of 8.0% (2.1%) (P =.002), 30.9% (3.6%) (P<.001), and 28.6% (3.2%) (P<.001), respectively. Respective reductions in C-reactive protein were 10.0% (8.6%) (P =.27), 33.3% (8.3%) (P =.002), and 28.2% (10.8%) (P =.02). The significant reductions in the statin and dietary portfolio groups were all significantly different from changes in the control group. There were no significant differences in efficacy between the statin and dietary portfolio treatments. CONCLUSION: In this study, diversifying cholesterol-lowering components in the same dietary portfolio increased the effectiveness of diet as a treatment of hypercholesterolemia." This study has been commented in the editorial of the same issue of JAMA: Diet First, Then Medication for Hypercholesterolemia James W. Anderson JAMA. 2003;290:531-533. <http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/290/4/531> An excerpt which describes what nutrients were used: "... Intensive nutrition management requires the addition of soy protein,5 soluble (viscous) fiber,6 and plant sterols7 to the low-saturated-fat, low-trans-fatty-acid, low-cholesterol features of the American Heart Association diets.8 Intensive intervention with high-fiber, low-fat diets decreases serum LDL-C, but only by 16% from baseline values according to a meta-analysis of 12 controlled studies of individuals with diabetes.9 Thus, complementary nutrition measures are required to achieve serum cholesterol and LDL-C reductions of greater than 30%. Incorporating 3 to 6 g/d of soluble fiber from oat products or psyllium may decrease serum LDL-C levels by approximately 7%.6 Including 2 to 3 g/d of plant sterols into the regimen may reduce serum LDL-C by another 10% to 15%.7 Psyllium and plant sterols are available in gel capsules and soluble fiber in palatable whole-grain oat cereals. Of all the cholesterol-lowering nutrients, soy protein has the broadest range of effects on serum lipoproteins and cardiovascular risks. Soy protein significantly decreases serum cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels; slightly increases serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels5; and may selectively decrease the amount of atherogenic small, dense LDL particles.10 In addition to its beneficial effects on serum lipids, soy protein and its isoflavones reduce the risk of atherosclerotic disease by improving vascular reactivity, decreasing in vivo oxidation, preventing inflammation, and reducing platelet aggregation.11 Soy protein also favorably affects coronary artery vascular reactivity in monkeys12 and may enhance postischemic reperfusion in humans.13 In addition, soy protein intake lowers in vivo oxidation of LDL-C14 and serum homocysteine levels15 and may decrease C-reactive protein levels.2 Although soy isoflavones may contribute to the hypocholesterolemic benefits of soy protein,5 recent data suggest that bioactive peptides may play a more important role.16 Soy protein is hydrolyzed in the intestine, and it appears that small peptides containing 4 to 6 amino acids are absorbed into the portal circulation.16 These soy peptides appear to activate hepatic LDL receptors with in vitro models17 and increase messenger RNA expression of LDL receptors in circulating human monocytes.18 Soy protein, peptides, and isoflavones may work together to produce effects on lipid metabolism and gene expression. In animal models, soy protein hydrolysates selectively decrease visceral adipose tissue19 and may have effects on enzymes involved in lipid metabolism,20 including the expression of their messenger RNA.21 In humans, soy protein intake appears to promote insulin sensitivity.22 ..." This study has also been commented in the articles Vegetarian diet may work as well as cholesterol drugs <http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2003-07-23-cholesterol_x.htm> "... The fiber-rich vegetarian diet included eggplant, okra, soy protein, almonds, margarine containing plant sterols, barley and psyllium foods that alone have been shown to have potentially beneficial effects on cholesterol ..." and Vegetarian diet nearly equals cholesterol drugs in study <http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/healthscience/2001211480_cholesterol23.html> "... The vegetarian group showed an average drop of 28.6 percent in their LDL cholesterol, the "bad cholesterol" that can raise the risk of heart disease. That was about equal to the 30.9 percent reduction seen in the low-fat diet plus statin group. By contrast, the low-fat diet only group had just an 8 percent drop. ..." Although this study apparently did not use fatty fish or fish oil, I think it would be sensible to include also these, because fatty acids in fish have been shown to inhibit cardiac arrhythmia and prevent sudden cardiac death. An excerpt from the Harvard page <http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html> : "Fish, an important source of the polyunsaturated fat known as omega-3, has received much attention in the past for its potential to lower heart disease risk. And there have been some studies to back this up, although not all have shown consistent benefits. One recent large trial, however, found that by getting 1 gram per day of omega-3 fatty acids over a 3.5 year period, patients who had previous suffered heart attacks could lower their risk of dying from heart disease by 25 percent. (To get that amount of omega-3 fatty acids would require the equivalent of 1 daily serving of fatty fish, such as mackerel, salmon, sardines, or swordfish.) Although more research is needed, adding fish to the diet may help protect you from heart disease, and it doesn't have any known risks. The American Heart Association currently recommends that everyone eat at least two servings of fish a week." .....to all the beautiful people who answered succinctly and so clearly my question about lowering LDL's and using Tahini! My folks were from Greece and I was weaned from mother's milk on Tahini, I'm positive! I am thrilled with the answers, and ready to start 2004 on the right note...to better halth, as naturally as I can. May your 2004 be happy, healthy and holy!!! Michael - mppg1@att.com. (if emailing, change .COM to .NET ! > 7 Dec 2003 03:56:42 -0800 in article > <b06e736a.0312070356.2176f0be@posting.google.com> [quoted text clipped - 164 lines] > American Heart Association currently recommends that > everyone eat at least two servings of fish a week." 7 Dec 2003 12:53:52 -0800 in article <a20043.0312071253.7ffd6774@posting.google.com> axipolti@yahoo.com >.....to all the beautiful people who answered succinctly and so >clearly my question about lowering LDL's and using Tahini! My folks >were from Greece and I was weaned from mother's milk on Tahini, I'm >positive! I am thrilled with the answers, and ready to start 2004 on >the right note...to better halth, as naturally as I can. May your 2004 >be happy, healthy and holy!!! Mike, if your roots are in Greece, find out (if you don't already know) about traditional Greek diets, especially about the diet of Crete. The Mediterranean diet is very heart-friendly and the traditional Cretan diet is the best of all the variations of Mediterranean diet. In the famous _Seven Countries Study_ Crete had the lowest incidence of coronary heart disease of all the countries included. Cancer incidence was quite low, too. A lot of past and current nutritional research has been inspired by the _Seven Countries Study_ and the diet of Crete. So go back to your roots diet wise and stay healthy :-). Sun, 07 Dec 2003 23:34:19 +0200 in article <fj67tvorngejk7h5vsteia0ono576bojif@4ax.com> Matti Narkia <mnng@despammed.com> wrote: >7 Dec 2003 12:53:52 -0800 in article ><a20043.0312071253.7ffd6774@posting.google.com> axipolti@yahoo.com [quoted text clipped - 15 lines] >the _Seven Countries Study_ and the diet of Crete. So go back to your >roots diet wise and stay healthy :-). To justify my point a recent article about a study about Mediterranean diet based on Greek population: Mediterranean diet lowers cancer, heart risks <http://health.iafrica.com/healthnews/248647.htm> The study itself is Trichopoulou A, Costacou T, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jun 26;348(26):2599-608. PMID: 12826634 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/348/26/2599> Abstract: "BACKGROUND: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may improve longevity, but relevant data are limited. METHODS: We conducted a population-based, prospective investigation involving 22,043 adults in Greece who completed an extensive, validated, food-frequency questionnaire at base line. Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 10-point Mediterranean-diet scale that incorporated the salient characteristics of this diet (range of scores, 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating greater adherence). We used proportional-hazards regression to assess the relation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and total mortality, as well as mortality due to coronary heart disease and mortality due to cancer, with adjustment for age, sex, body-mass index, physical-activity level, and other potential confounders. RESULTS: During a median of 44 months of follow-up, there were 275 deaths. A higher degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduction in total mortality (adjusted hazard ratio for death associated with a two-point increment in the Mediterranean-diet score, 0.75 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.87]). An inverse association with greater adherence to this diet was evident for both death due to coronary heart disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.67 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.94]) and death due to cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.98]). Associations between individual food groups contributing to the Mediterranean-diet score and total mortality were generally not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Greater adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with a significant reduction in total mortality." A related study: Costacou T, Bamia C, Ferrari P, Riboli E, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A. Tracing the Mediterranean diet through principal components and cluster analyses in the Greek population. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Nov;57(11):1378-85. PMID: 14576750 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 4576750&dopt=Abstract> ( http://tinyurl.com/y5eg ) Additional references: 1: Briante R, Febbraio F, Nucci R. Antioxidant properties of low molecular weight phenols present in the mediterranean diet. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 19;51(24):6975-81. PMID: 14611157 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 4611157&dopt=Abstract 2: Serra-Majem L, Ngo de la Cruz J, Ribas L, Tur JA. Olive oil and the Mediterranean diet: beyond the rhetoric. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;57 Suppl 1:S2-7. PMID: 12947443 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2947443&dopt=Abstract 3: Gerber M. Biofactors in the Mediterranean diet. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Aug;41(8):999-1004. PMID: 12964804 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2964804&dopt=Abstract> 4: Contaldo F, Pasanisi F, Mancini M. Beyond the traditional interpretation of Mediterranean diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003 Jun;13(3):117-9. PMID: 12955791 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2955791&dopt=Abstract> 5: Carluccio MA, Siculella L, Ancora MA, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Storelli C, Visioli F, Distante A, De Caterina R. Olive oil and red wine antioxidant polyphenols inhibit endothelial activation: antiatherogenic properties of mediterranean diet phytochemicals. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Apr 1;23(4):622-9. Epub 2003 Feb 20. PMID: 12615669 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2615669&dopt=Abstract> 6: Barzi F, Woodward M, Marfisi RM, Tavazzi L, Valagussa F, Marchioli R; GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators. Mediterranean diet and all-causes mortality after myocardial infarction: results from the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Apr;57(4):604-11. PMID: 12700623 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2700623&dopt=Abstract> 7: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Papaioannou I, Papadimitriou L, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P. The Adoption of Mediterranean Diet Attenuates the Development of Acute Coronary Syndromes in People with the Metabolic Syndrome. Nutr J. 2003 Mar 19;2(1):1. PMID: 12740043 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2740043&dopt=Abstract> 8: Fortes C, Forastiere F, Farchi S, Mallone S, Trequattrinni T, Anatra F, Schmid G, Perucci CA. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet on lung cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2003;46(1):30-7. PMID: 12925301 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2925301&dopt=Abstract> 9: Tuck KL, Hayball PJ. Major phenolic compounds in olive oil: metabolism and health effects. J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Nov;13(11):636-644. PMID: 12550060 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2550060&dopt=Abstract> 10: Manna C, D'Angelo S, Migliardi V, Loffredi E, Mazzoni O, Morrica P, Galletti P, Zappia V. Protective effect of the phenolic fraction from virgin olive oils against oxidative stress in human cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Oct 23;50(22):6521-6. PMID: 12381144 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2381144&dopt=Abstract> 11: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Papaioannou I, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas PK. The effect of Mediterranean diet on the risk of the development of acute coronary syndromes in hypercholesterolemic people: a case-control study (CARDIO2000). Coron Artery Dis. 2002 Aug;13(5):295-300. PMID: 12394655 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2394655&dopt=Abstract> 12: Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Fernandez-Jarne E, Serrano-Martinez M, Marti A, Martinez JA, Martin-Moreno JM. Mediterranean diet and reduction in the risk of a first acute myocardial infarction: an operational healthy dietary score. Eur J Nutr. 2002 Aug;41(4):153-60. PMID: 12242583 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2242583&dopt=Abstract> 13: Curtis BM, O'Keefe JH Jr. Understanding the Mediterranean diet. Could this be the new "gold standard" for heart disease prevention? Postgrad Med. 2002 Aug;112(2):35-8, 41-5. Review. PMID: 12198752 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2198752&dopt=Abstract> 14: Massaro M, De Caterina R. Vasculoprotective effects of oleic acid: epidemiological background and direct vascular antiatherogenic properties. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2002 Feb;12(1):42-51. Review. PMID: 12125230 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2125230&dopt=Abstract> 15: Trichopoulou A, Vasilopoulou E. Mediterranean diet and longevity. Br J Nutr. 2000 Dec;84 Suppl 2:S205-9. Review. PMID: 11242471 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 1242471&dopt=Abstract> 16: Kafatos A, Verhagen H, Moschandreas J, Apostolaki I, Van Westerop JJ. Mediterranean diet of Crete: foods and nutrient content. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Dec;100(12):1487-93. PMID: 11138441 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 1138441&dopt=Abstract> 17: Kouris-Blazos A, Gnardellis C, Wahlqvist ML, Trichopoulos D, Lukito W, Trichopoulou A. Are the advantages of the Mediterranean diet transferable to other populations? A cohort study in Melbourne, Australia. Br J Nutr. 1999 Jul;82(1):57-61. PMID: 10655957 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 0655957&dopt=Abstract> 18: Massaro M, Carluccio MA, De Caterina R. Direct vascular antiatherogenic effects of oleic acid: a clue to the cardioprotective effects of the Mediterranean diet. Cardiologia. 1999 Jun;44(6):507-13. Review. PMID: 10443051 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 0443051&dopt=Abstract> 19: Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Drescher G, Ferro-Luzzi A, Helsing E, Trichopoulos D. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Jun;61(6 Suppl):1402S-1406S. Review. PMID: 7754995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7 754995&dopt=Abstract> 20: Renaud S, de Lorgeril M, Delaye J, Guidollet J, Jacquard F, Mamelle N, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Salen P, Toubol P. Cretan Mediterranean diet for prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Jun;61(6 Suppl):1360S-1367S. PMID: 7754988 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7 754988&dopt=Abstract> 21: de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Guidollet J, Touboul P, Delaye J. Related Articles, Links Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1994 Jun 11;343(8911):1454-9. Erratum in: Lancet 1995 Mar 18;345(8951):738. PMID: 7911176 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7 911176&dopt=Abstract Mon, 08 Dec 2003 00:20:56 +0200 in article <u087tvgag6088gv0a1bcpghj3ii75uo37k@4ax.com> Matti Narkia <mnng@despammed.com> wrote: >Sun, 07 Dec 2003 23:34:19 +0200 in article ><fj67tvorngejk7h5vsteia0ono576bojif@4ax.com> Matti Narkia [quoted text clipped - 125 lines] >PMID: 12740043 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] ><http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2740043&dopt=Abstract> The full text of this study is also available at the url http://www.nutritionj.com/content/2/1/1 An excerpt describing the content of Mediterranean diet: "... The Mediterranean dietary pattern consists of: (a) daily consumption: of non refined cereals and products (whole grain bread, pasta, brown rice, etc), vegetables (2 3 servings/day), fruits (6 servings/day), olive oil (as the main added lipid) and dairy products (1 2 servings/day), (b) weekly consumption: of fish (45 servings/week), poultry (3 4 servings/week), olives, pulses, and nuts (3 servings/week), potatoes, eggs and sweets (3 4 servings/week) and monthly consumption: of red meat and meat products (4 5 servings/month). It is, also, characterized by moderate consumption of wine (1 2 wineglasses/day) and high monounsaturated: saturated fat ratio (> 2). This dietary pyramid was suggested by a Harvard-led group with substantial input from Greek scientists [13]. ..." >8: Fortes C, Forastiere F, Farchi S, Mallone S, Trequattrinni T, Anatra >F, Schmid G, Perucci CA. [quoted text clipped - 16 lines] >PMID: 12381144 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ><http://www.ncbi.n m.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12381144&dopt=Abstract> >11: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Papaioannou I, >Stefanadis C, Toutouzas PK. [quoted text clipped - 54 lines] >PMID: 10443051 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ><http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 0443051&dopt=Abstract> <http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/61/6/1402S> >19: Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Drescher G, Ferro-Luzzi A, >Helsing E, Trichopoulos D. [quoted text clipped - 18 lines] >PMID: 7911176 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ><http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7 911176&dopt=Abstract> More references: Ros E. Dietary cis-monounsaturated fatty acids and metabolic control in type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):617S-625S. Review. PMID: 12936956 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/78/3/617S> Fernandez-Jarne E, Martinez-Losa E, Prado-Santamaria M, Brugarolas-Brufau C, Serrano-Martinez M, Martinez-Gonzalez MA. Risk of first non-fatal myocardial infarction negatively associated with olive oil consumption: a case-control study in Spain. Int J Epidemiol. 2002 Apr;31(2):474-80. PMID: 11980820 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://ije.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/31/2/474> Kris-Etherton P, Eckel RH, Howard BV, St Jeor S, Bazzarre TL; Nutrition Committee Population Science Committee and Clinical Science Committee of the American Heart Association. AHA Science Advisory: Lyon Diet Heart Study. Benefits of a Mediterranean-style, National Cholesterol Education Program/American Heart Association Step I Dietary Pattern on Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 2001 Apr 3;103(13):1823-5. <http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/103/13/1823> Robertson RM, Smaha L. Can a Mediterranean-style diet reduce heart disease? Circulation. 2001 Apr 3;103(13):1821-2. <http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/103/13/1821> Serge Renaud: from French paradox to Cretan miracle. Lancet 2000; 355: 48 - 52. <http://www.thelancet.com/journal/vol355/iss9197/full/llan.355.9197.news.2419.1> de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin J-L, Monjaud I, Delaye J, Mamelle N: Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction. Final report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation 1999, 99:779-785 <http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/99/6/779> Zambon D, Sabate J, Munoz S, Campero B, Casals E, Merlos M, Laguna JC, Ros E. Substituting walnuts for monounsaturated fat improves the serum lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic men and women. A randomized crossover trial. Ann Intern Med. 2000 Apr 4;132(7):538-46. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med 2000 Oct 17;133(8):659. <http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/132/7/538> Trichopoulou A, Vasilopoulou E, Lagiou A. Mediterranean diet and coronary heart disease: are antioxidants critical? Nutr Rev. 1999 Aug;57(8):253-5. Review. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 0518412&dopt=Abstract> Simopoulos AP. Evolutionary aspects of omega-3 fatty acids in the food supply. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1999 May-Jun;60(5-6):421-9. Review. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 0471132&dopt=Abstract< Leaf A. Dietary prevention of coronary heart disease: the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation. 1999 Feb 16;99(6):733-5. <http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/99/6/733> de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Boucher P, Mamelle N. Links Mediterranean dietary pattern in a randomized trial: prolonged survival and possible reduced cancer rate. Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jun 8;158(11):1181-7. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9 625397&dopt=Abstract> Renaud SC. Dietary management of cardiovascular diseases. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1997 Oct;57(4-5):423-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9 430390&dopt=Abstract de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Caillat-Vallet E, Hanauer MT, Barthelemy JC, Mamelle N. Control of bias in dietary trial to prevent coronary recurrences: The Lyon Diet Heart Study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Feb;51(2):116-22. PMID: 9049571 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9 049571&dopt=Abstract> De Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Mamelle N, Monjaud I, Touboul P, Delaye J. Effect of a mediterranean type of diet on the rate of cardiovascular complications in patients with coronary artery disease. Insights into the cardioprotective effect of certain nutriments. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Nov 1;28(5):1103-8. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8 890801&dopt=Abstract> Espiro-Montoro A, Lopez-Miranda J, Castro P, et al.: Monounsaturated fatty acid enriched diets lower plasma insulin levels and blood pressure in healthy young men. Nutr Metab Crdiovasc Dis 1996, 6:147-154. I have considerably expanded and rearranged my bibliography of Mediterranean diet. It now includes 151 references. There are now also several studies about health effects of nuts. Enjoy. 1: Trichogenous A, Costacou T, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jun 26;348(26):2599-608. PMID: 12826634 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/348/26/2599> Abstract: "BACKGROUND: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may improve longevity, but relevant data are limited. METHODS: We conducted a population-based, prospective investigation involving 22,043 adults in Greece who completed an extensive, validated, food-frequency questionnaire at base line. Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 10-point Mediterranean-diet scale that incorporated the salient characteristics of this diet (range of scores, 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating greater adherence). We used proportional-hazards regression to assess the relation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and total mortality, as well as mortality due to coronary heart disease and mortality due to cancer, with adjustment for age, sex, body-mass index, physical-activity level, and other potential confounders. RESULTS: During a median of 44 months of follow-up, there were 275 deaths. A higher degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduction in total mortality (adjusted hazard ratio for death associated with a two-point increment in the Mediterranean-diet score, 0.75 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.87]). An inverse association with greater adherence to this diet was evident for both death due to coronary heart disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.67 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.94]) and death due to cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.98]). Associations between individual food groups contributing to the Mediterranean-diet score and total mortality were generally not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Greater adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with a significant reduction in total mortality." This study has been commented in the article Mediterranean diet lowers cancer, heart risks <http://health.iafrica.com/healthnews/248647.htm> 2: Costacou T, Bamia C, Ferrari P, Riboli E, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A. Tracing the Mediterranean diet through principal components and cluster analyses in the Greek population. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Nov;57(11):1378-85. PMID: 14576750 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 4576750&dopt=Abstract> ( http://tinyurl.com/y5eg ) 3: Moreno JJ. Effect of olive oil minor components on oxidative stress and arachidonic acid mobilization and metabolism by macrophages RAW 264.7. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Nov 1;35(9):1073-81. PMID: 14572610 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 4572610&dopt=Abstract> 4: Briante R, Febbraio F, Nucci R. Antioxidant properties of low molecular weight phenols present in themediterranean diet. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 19;51(24):6975-81. PMID: 14611157 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 4611157&dopt=Abstract 5: Serra-Majem L, Ngo de la Cruz J, Ribas L, Tur JA. Olive oil and the Mediterranean diet: beyond the rhetoric. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;57 Suppl 1:S2-7. PMID: 12947443 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2947443&dopt=Abstract 6: Dietary cis-monounsaturated fatty acids and metabolic control in type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):617S-625S. Review. PMID: 12936956 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/78/3/617S> 7: Garcia-Lorda P, Megias Rangil I, Salas-Salvado J. Nut consumption, body weight and insulin resistance. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;57 Suppl 1:S8-11. Review. PMID: 12947444 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2947444&dopt=Abstract> 8: Sabate J. Nut consumption and body weight. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):647S-650S. Review. PMID: 12936960 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2936960&dopt=Abstract> 9: Choi SB. Benefits of Mediterranean diet affirmed, again. CMAJ. 2003 Aug 19;169(4):316. <http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/169/4/316> 10: Gerber M. Biofactors in the Mediterranean diet. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Aug;41(8):999-1004. PMID: 12964804 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2964804&dopt=Abstract> 11: Ciccarone E, Di Castelnuovo A, Salcuni M, Siani A, Giacco A, Donati MB, De Gaetano G, Capani F, Iacoviello L; On behalf of the Gendiabe Investigators. A high-score Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of peripheral arterial disease in Italian patients with Type 2 diabetes. J Thromb Haemost. 2003 Aug;1(8):1744-52. PMID: 12911588 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2911588&dopt=Abstract> 12: Togna GI, Togna AR, Franconi M, Marra C, Guiso M. Olive oil isochromans inhibit human platelet reactivity. J Nutr. 2003 Aug;133(8):2532-6. PMID: 12888632 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2888632&dopt=Abstract> 13: Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos CH, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Papadimitriou L, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas PK. Status and management of hypertension in Greece: role of the adoption of a Mediterranean diet: the Attica study. J Hypertens. 2003 Aug;21(8):1483-9. PMID: 12872041 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2872041&dopt=Abstract> 14: Toobert DJ, Glasgow RE, Strycker LA, Barrera M Jr, Radcliffe JL, Wander RC, Bagdade JD. Biologic and quality-of-life outcomes from the Mediterranean Lifestyle Program: a randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Care. 2003 Aug;26(8):2288-93. PMID: 12882850 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2882850&dopt=Abstract> 15: Zibaeenezhad MJ, Rezaiezadeh M, Mowla A, Ayatollahi SM, Panjehshahin MR. Antihypertriglyceridemic effect of walnut oil. Angiology. 2003 Jul-Aug;54(4):411-4. PMID: 12934760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2934760&dopt=Abstract> 16: Sabate J, Haddad E, Tanzman JS, Jambazian P, Rajaram S. Serum lipid response to the graduated enrichment of a Step I diet with almonds: a randomized feeding trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;77(6):1379-84. PMID: 12791613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2791613&dopt=Abstract> 17: Coulston AM. Do Nuts Have a Place in a Healthful Diet? Nutr Today. 2003 May-Jun;38(3):95-99. PMID: 12813188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2813188&dopt=Abstract> 18: Hu FB. The Mediterranean diet and mortality--olive oil and beyond. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jun 26;348(26):2595-6. <http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/extract/348/26/2595> 19: Contaldo F, Pasanisi F, Mancini M. Beyond the traditional interpretation of Mediterranean diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003 Jun;13(3):117-9. PMID: 12955791 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2955791&dopt=Abstract> 20: Carluccio MA, Siculella L, Ancora MA, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Storelli C, Visioli F, Distante A, De Caterina R. Olive oil and red wine antioxidant polyphenols inhibit endothelial activation: antiatherogenic properties of mediterranean diet phytochemicals. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Apr 1;23(4):622-9. Epub 2003 Feb 20. PMID: 12615669 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2615669&dopt=Abstract> 21: Alper CM, Mattes RD. Peanut consumption improves indices of cardiovascular disease risk in healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr. 2003 Apr;22(2):133-41. PMID: 12672709 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2672709&dopt=Abstract> 22: Barzi F, Woodward M, Marfisi RM, Tavazzi L, Valagussa F, Marchioli R; GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators. Mediterranean diet and all-causes mortality after myocardial infarction: results from the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Apr;57(4):604-11. PMID: 12700623 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2700623&dopt=Abstract> 23: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Papaioannou I, Papadimitriou L, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P. The Adoption of Mediterranean Diet Attenuates the Development of Acute Coronary Syndromes in People with the Metabolic Syndrome. Nutr J. 2003 Mar 19;2(1):1. PMID: 12740043 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] <http://www.nutritionj.com/content/2/1/1> An excerpt describing the content of Mediterranean diet: "... The Mediterranean dietary pattern consists of: (a) daily consumption: of non refined cereals and products (whole grain bread, pasta, brown rice, etc), vegetables (2 3 servings/day), fruits (6 servings/day), olive oil (as the main added lipid) and dairy products (1 2 servings/day), (b) weekly consumption: of fish (45 servings/week), poultry (3 4 servings/week), olives, pulses, and nuts (3 servings/week), potatoes, eggs and sweets (3 4 servings/week) and monthly consumption: of red meat and meat products (4 5 servings/month). It is, also, characterized by moderate consumption of wine (1 2 wineglasses/day) and high monounsaturated: saturated fat ratio (> 2). This dietary pyramid was suggested by a Harvard-led group with substantial input from Greek scientists [13]. ..."Ros E. 24; Benkhalti F, Legssyer A, Gomez P, Paz E, Lopez-Miranda J, Perez-Jimenez F, el Boustani ES. Effects of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds on LDL oxidation and vasorelaxation activity. Therapie. 2003 Mar-Apr;58(2):133-7. PMID: 12942853 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2942853&dopt=Abstract> 25:Mezzano D, Leighton F, Strobel P, Martinez C, Marshall G, Cuevas A, Castillo O, Panes O, Munoz B, Rozowski J, Pereira J. Mediterranean diet, but not red wine, is associated with beneficial changes in primary haemostasis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Mar;57(3):439-46. PMID: 12627181 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2627181&dopt=Abstract> 26: Fortes C, Forastiere F, Farchi S, Mallone S, Trequattrinni T, Anatra F, Schmid G, Perucci CA. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet on lung cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2003;46(1):30-7. PMID: 12925301 [PubMed - in process] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2925301&dopt=Abstract> 27: Capuano V, Bambacaro A, D'Arminio T, Del Regno B, Dantonio V, Lanzara C. Changes in total serum cholesterol for cardiovascular disease in a Mediterranean area, 1989-1999. Eur J Epidemiol. 2003;18(1):27-32. PMID: 12705620 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2705620&dopt=Abstract> 28: Moreno JA, Lopez-Miranda J, Gomez P, Benkhalti F, El Boustani ES, Perez-Jimenez F. [Effect of phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil on LDL oxidation resistance] Med Clin (Barc). 2003 Feb 8;120(4):128-31. Spanish. PMID: 12605836 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2605836&dopt=Abstract> 29: Tuck KL, Hayball PJ. Major phenolic compounds in olive oil: metabolism and health effects. J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Nov;13(11):636-644. PMID: 12550060 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2550060&dopt=Abstract> 30: Su Q, Rowley KG, Itsiopoulos C, O'Dea K. Identification and quantitation of major carotenoids in selected components of the Mediterranean diet: green leafy vegetables, figs and olive oil. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;56(11):1149-54. PMID: 12428183 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2428183&dopt=Abstract> 31: Jiang R, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Liu S, Willett WC, Hu FB. Nut and peanut butter consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. JAMA. 2002 Nov 27;288(20):2554-60. PMID: 12444862 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2444862&dopt=Abstract> 32: Lovejoy JC, Most MM, Lefevre M, Greenway FL, Rood JC. Effect of diets enriched in almonds on insulin action and serum lipids in adults with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;76(5):1000-6. PMID: 12399271 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/76/5/1000> 33: Manna C, D'Angelo S, Migliardi V, Loffredi E, Mazzoni O, Morrica P, Galletti P, Zappia V. Protective effect of the phenolic fraction from virgin olive oils against oxidative stress in human cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Oct 23;50(22):6521-6. PMID: 12381144 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2381144&dopt=Abstract> 34: Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A, Parker TL, Connelly PW, Qian W, Haight JS, Faulkner D, Vidgen E, Lapsley KG, Spiller GA. Dose response of almonds on coronary heart disease risk factors: blood lipids, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, and pulmonary nitric oxide: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Circulation. 2002 Sep 10;106(11):1327-32. <http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/106/11/1327> 35: Morgan JM, Horton K, Reese D, Carey C, Walker K, Capuzzi DM. Effects of walnut consumption as part of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet on serum cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2002 Oct;72(5):341-7. PMID: 12463111 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2463111&dopt=Abstract> 36: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Papaioannou I, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas PK. The effect of Mediterranean diet on the risk of the development of acute coronary syndromes in hypercholesterolemic people: a case-control study (CARDIO2000). Coron Artery Dis. 2002 Aug;13(5):295-300. PMID: 12394655 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2394655&dopt=Abstract> 37: Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Fernandez-Jarne E, Serrano-Martinez M, Marti A, Martinez JA, Martin-Moreno JM. Mediterranean diet and reduction in the risk of a first acute myocardial infarction: an operational healthy dietary score. Eur J Nutr. 2002 Aug;41(4):153-60. PMID: 12242583 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2242583&dopt=Abstract> 38: Curtis BM, O'Keefe JH Jr. Understanding the Mediterranean diet. Could this be the new "gold standard" for heart disease prevention? Postgrad Med. 2002 Aug;112(2):35-8, 41-5. Review. PMID: 12198752 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2198752&dopt=Abstract> 39: Perez-Jimenez F, Lopez-Miranda J, Mata P. Protective effect of dietary monounsaturated fat on arteriosclerosis: beyond cholesterol. Atherosclerosis. 2002 Aug;163(2):385-98. Review. PMID: 12052487 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2052487&dopt=Abstract> 40: Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Fernandez-Jarne E, Martinez-Losa E, Prado-Santamaria M, Brugarolas-Brufau C, Serrano-Martinez M. Role of fibre and fruit in the Mediterranean diet to protect against myocardial infarction: a case-control study in Spain. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Aug;56(8):715-22. PMID: 12122546 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2122546&dopt=Abstract> 41: Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Kokkinos PF, Skoumas J, Papaioannou I, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P. The effect of the combination of Mediterranean diet and leisure time physical activity on the risk of developing acute coronary syndromes, in hypertensive subjects. J Hum Hypertens. 2002 Jul;16(7):517-24. PMID: 12080437 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2080437&dopt=Abstract> 42: Stark AH, Madar Z. Olive oil as a functional food: epidemiology and nutritional approaches. Nutr Rev. 2002 Jun;60(6):170-6. Review. PMID: 12078915 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2078915&dopt=Abstract> 43: Albert CM, Gaziano JM, Willett WC, Manson JE. Nut consumption and decreased risk of sudden cardiac death in the Physicians' Health Study. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Jun 24;162(12):1382-7. PMID: 12076237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1 2076237&dopt=Abstract> 44: Feldman EB. 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PMID: 3776973 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3 776973&dopt=Abstract Links to Mediterranean, Greek and Cretan diet information, including recipes: Close Adherence to a Traditional Mediterranean Diet Promotes Longevity http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/press/releases/press06252003.html Mediterranean diet 'extends life' http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3173077.stm Mediterranean Diet: More Than Olive Oil 'Divine Mix' Prevents Death From Cancer, Heart Disease http://my.webmd.com/content/article/67/80070.htm The Mediterranean Diet and Mortality Olive Oil and Beyond Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D. http://www.medical-journals.com/r03266b.htm Lyon Diet Heart Study http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4655 Postgraduate Medicine: Understanding the Mediterranean diet http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2002/08_02/curtis.htm Hearty Diet http://www.accessexcellence.org/WN/SUA11/meddiet897.html The Mediterranean Diet http://nutrition.about.com/library/weekly/aa100499.htm update: Mediterranean diet Study Mediterranean diet in this distance learning course for pharmacists and pharmacy students http://www.dotpharmacy.co.uk/upmed.html Strat's Place - Daniel Rogov - The Mediterranean Diet http://www.stratsplace.com/rogov/mediterranean_diet.html Serge C Renaud and Dominique Lanzmann-Petithory AThe beneficial effect of alpha-linolenic acid in coronary artery disease is not questionable American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 76, No. 4, 903-904, October 2002 http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/76/4/903 Mediterranean diet can help prevent memory loss <http://www.brain.com/Merchant2/merchant.mv?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=W&Product_Code =body_678&Product_Count=0&Category_Code=diet> How Does the Mediterranean Diet Promote Longevity? http://www.healthandage.com/Home/gm=2!gid2=2655 Mediterranean Diets Francesco Visioli, Ph.D. Visiting Scientist http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/f-w00/mediterr.html Mediterranean & Asian food patterns of the 1960's http://www.healthyeatingclub.com/info/articles/foodcult/mediterr-asia.htm Mediterranean Diet Guidelines http://www.diet-i.com/mediterranean-diet.htm Mediterranean Diet Food Pyramid http://www.diet-i.com/mediterranean-diet-pyramid.htm Mediterranean Diet Soothes Aching Joints http://www.healthfinder.gov/news/newsstory.asp?docID=511856 Health articles based on the greek way of living http://www.gourmed.gr/mediterranean-diet/health/?gid=3 Cretan Nutrition and long life http://www.crete-homes.com/nutrition/history.html Statistical health data about Cretan diet http://www.ebeh.gr/diatrofi/english/data/resultsindex.htm Research statistics about the Cretan diet http://www.cretetravel.com/Cretan_Diet/Cretan_Diet_research.htm The Mediterranean Diet http://www.cheshire-med.com/services/dietary/nutrinew/mediter.html The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid http://www.oldwayspt.org/pyramids/med/p_med.html Quantum - Mediterranean Diet Guidelines http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/stories/meddiet.htm The Classic Mediterranean Diet Combines Fabulous Taste With Health Protection http://www.charitywire.com/charity10/00250.html Cretan diet and food. Mediterranean diet, the diet from Crete island http://www.mediterraneandiet.gr/cretan.html The mediterranean diet and food. Mediterranean diet details and mediterranean food exports http://www.mediterraneandiet.gr/index.html Greek food details. Greek food quality, benefits and greek food producers http://greekproducts.com/greekproducts/index.html Mediterranean diet and food details. Mediterranean diet and food quality, benefits and mediterranean food producers http://greekproducts.com/greekproducts/mediterranean.html The Mediterranean Diet http://www.trincoll.edu/~jvillani/Mediterranean.htm Cretan diet and food details. Diet and food of Crete island quality, benefits and cretan food producers http://greekproducts.com/greekproducts/cretan.html Crete | The Cretan Diet - Cretan cuisine & healthy food - by CreteTravel.com http://www.cretetravel.com/Cretan_Diet/Cretan_Diet_1.htm ALPHA & OMEGA. Cretan diet http://www.alpha-omegaonline.co.uk/diet-crete.htm Cretan diet Mediterranean Diet http://www.heraklion-city.gr/English/diatrofi-en.htm Cretan Diet, Olive Oil and Health http://www.kotinos.com/cretandiet.html The Good Life, Cretan Style Eat More, Live Longer http://www.greece.gr/LIFE/GourmetGreece/TheGoodLifeCretanStyle.stm Cretan Food http://www.analipsi-village.gr/analipsien/indexen.htm Cretan Recipes http://www.knossos-olivenoel.de/english/recipes/recipes.htm Mediterranean diet recipes of Crete with olive oil http://www.explorecrete.com/cuisine/psilakis-recipes.html The secrets of cretan nutrition http://www.crete-homes.com/nutrition/index.html Cretan Cooking http://home.earthlink.net/~macrakis/cretancooking.htm Cookie Recipe This Greek recipe comes from Crete. It is a filled cookie with a filling of walnuts, almonds, sesame seeds, and honey. http://www.cookierecipe.com/az/KritikaPatouthia.asp Cooking Greek food, recipes Mediterranean diet Crete book http://www.inkmonitor.com/recipes.html Cretan Mixed Greens and Tomatoes with Black-Eyed Peas From Mediterranean Grains and Greens: A Book of Savory, Sun-Drenched Recipes by Paula Wolfert. http://www.paula-wolfert.com/recipes/mixed_greens.html http://table.mpr.org/recipes/vegetable_greens.html Greek recipes by EatGreekTonight.COM http://www.eatgreektonight.com/Recipes/index.html Cretan Meat Pie http://www.eatgreektonight.com/recipes/entrees/meatpie.html Greek Cuisine http://www.greekcuisine.com/ Greek Cooking Resources http://www.webexpert.net/vasilios/recipes.htm Greek Cooking http://trfn.clpgh.org/Lifestyle/Cooking/greek.html Greek recipes of olive oil foods http://www.olympia-oliveoil.com/recipes GO GREEK http://www.vegsoc.org/cordonvert/recipes/greek.html Greek Recipes http://gogreece.about.com/msub6.htm?once=true& 95 Greek/Middle Eastern Recipes http://www.ivu.org/recipes/greek/ Archived by "Fetch" http://tinyurl.com/y9gd > Links to Mediterranean, Greek and Cretan diet information, including > recipes: [quoted text clipped - 175 lines] > > 95 Greek/Middle Eastern Recipes http://www.ivu.org/recipes/greek/ Signature~~~ Patrick Blanchard, M.D., A.B.F.P. Board Certified in Family Practice http://www.familydoctor.org/blanchard ~~~ SonoScore Winning against heart attack and stroke http://www.sonoscore.com Mon, 08 Dec 2003 11:36:35 -0600 in article <oprzvhu9gcx9pqj2@news-60.giganews.com> "Patrick Blanchard, M.D." <blanchard@sonoscore_nospam.com> wrote: >Archived by "Fetch" > >http://tinyurl.com/y9gd That was quick. It would 've been polite if "Fetch" had mentioned the source. > Mon, 08 Dec 2003 11:36:35 -0600 in article > <oprzvhu9gcx9pqj2@news-60.giganews.com> "Patrick Blanchard, M.D." [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > That was quick. It would 've been polite if "Fetch" had mentioned the > source. Sorry, "Fetch" is run by members of sonscore.com and scans usenet for material that would be useful to others wanting to address atherosclerosis. Many of our clients do not have usenet accounts, or do not understand what it is, even though it is free on Google. "Fetch" sorts out the good stuff and archives it all in one place, on our site. Do you have a preference on the source "Fetch" should put? Let me know, and I will update it. Thanks Matti Patrick Signature~~~ Patrick Blanchard, M.D., A.B.F.P. Board Certified in Family Practice http://www.familydoctor.org/blanchard ~~~ SonoScore Winning against heart attack and stroke http://www.sonoscore.com Mon, 08 Dec 2003 13:59:10 -0600 in article <oprzvogwolx9pqj2@news-60.giganews.com> "Patrick Blanchard, M.D." <blanchard@sonoscore_nospam.com> wrote: >> Mon, 08 Dec 2003 11:36:35 -0600 in article >> <oprzvhu9gcx9pqj2@news-60.giganews.com> "Patrick Blanchard, M.D." [quoted text clipped - 15 lines] >Do you have a preference on the source "Fetch" should put? Let me know, and >I will update it. That's ok. I thought that "Fetch" was a person. Anyway, it could possibly be useful to add a feature to "Fetch", which would allow it to get also the newsgroups's name and the author's and the message's details, so that the whole thread could be tracked down, if someone so desires. Or maybe it already can do that? > Mon, 08 Dec 2003 13:59:10 -0600 in article > <oprzvogwolx9pqj2@news-60.giganews.com> "Patrick Blanchard, M.D." [quoted text clipped - 26 lines] > it > already can do that? We use Opera, and essentially cut and paste from tne newsgroup for "Fetch". Would another newsreader work better, to include more message details like you are describing? Thanks Patrick Signature~~~ Patrick Blanchard, M.D., A.B.F.P. Board Certified in Family Practice http://www.familydoctor.org/blanchard ~~~ SonoScore Winning against heart attack and stroke http://www.sonoscore.com I found a great free recourse site to help people manage their weight loss and live a healthy lifestyle. I used a few of their tips and lost a ton of weight. Hope this helps you also :) Visit http://www.manageweightloss.com for more information Mediterranean Diet's rise to the fame started from the long-running Seven Countries Study, which has been documented on the web site On the Trail of Heart Attacks in Seven Countries http://www.epi.umn.edu/about/7countries/index.shtm The part describing Greece start from the page Seven Countries Study : Greece http://www.epi.umn.edu/about/7countries/greece.shtm Mon, 08 Dec 2003 15:42:01 +0200 in article <tej8tv429tp0n1s4cleqev8deqne99smkr@4ax.com> Matti Narkia <mnng@despammed.com> wrote: >I have considerably expanded and rearranged my bibliography of >Mediterranean diet. It now includes 151 references. There are now also >several studies about health effects of nuts. Enjoy. It seems that I've missed an important recent study, here's the 152nd reference: Singh RB, Dubnov G, Niaz MA, Ghosh S, Singh R, Rastogi SS, Manor O, Pella D, Berry EM. Effect of an Indo-Mediterranean diet on progression of coronary artery disease in high risk patients (Indo-Mediterranean Diet Heart Study): a randomised single-blind trial. Lancet. 2002 Nov 9;360(9344):1455-61 <http://www.thelancet.com/journal/vol360/iss9344/full/llan.360.9344.original_rese arch.23027.1 See in a couple of excerpts from the article Concepts and Controversies on Diet: Stop Recommending Low-Fat Diets! Walter C Willett, MD, DrPH Kaiser Permanente Permanente Journal, September 2003 http://www.countcarbs.com/research/stoprecommendinglowfat.htm what Harvard researcher Walter C Willett writes about Low-Fat weight loss diets compared with the Mediterranean diet: "... We analyzed32 results of a series of randomized trials that examined the effect of diets with lower levels of dietary fat as a percentage of total calorie intake and that lasted one year or more. Our analysis showed no weight benefit accrued after one year or more. Although a number of studies showed some modest decrease in body weight during the first few months, weight either stabilized or was regained by 12 to 18 months. It's very clear that low-fat diets are really not effective, on average, for long-term weight control. Some people can go on a low-fat diet and have enough willpower to lose weight, but randomized studies show that most people do not lose weight on low-fat diets. These findings are surprising, because most of these studies were seriously biased in favor of the low-fat group. In most of the studies, the control group got no intervention, and the low-fat-diet group got intensive, state-of-the-art intervention with monitoring of food intake, keeping diaries, weighing food, group support, and lots of counseling. Still, they didn't do any better than the control group. Evidence suggests that just intensive monitoring and attention to diet can help people lose a few pounds, so this result was surprising. On the basis of a small meta-analysis (restricted to the four studies that had similar-intensity intervention in both groups), low-fat diets did worse. A study by McManus et al33 had similar-intensity intervention for both groups. One group, on what was called "high-fat" but probably better called "moderate-fat," ate a diet with 35% of total calorie intake from fat, a Mediterranean-type, healthful diet. This diet included low amounts of red meat, lots of whole grains, lots of vegetables, and the fat was from nuts, olive oil, and salad dressing. The "low-fat" group ate a diet with 20% of calories from fat, an American Heart Association type of diet. What researchers saw was a paradigm for what's happened in the United States. In the first six months, similar weight loss occurred in both groups, but the people on the low- fat diet just couldn't adhere to this diet; they dropped out at a very high rate. When researchers brought these participants back in to weigh them, they had regained much of the weight. But the people on the higherfat, Mediterranean-type diet had about twice the weight loss by 18 months compared with loss in the low-fat group, and these people felt satisfied. Their diet was something they could live with, and they didn't feel deprived. ..." -- Matti Narkia Harvard School of Public Health Nutrition Source's page Food Pyramids http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/pyramids.html favorable a.ses Mediterranean food pyramid: "Other Alternatives The Healthy Eating Pyramid summarizes the best dietary information available today. It isn't set in stone, though, because nutrition researchers will undoubtedly turn up new information in the years ahead. The Healthy Eating Pyramid will change to reflect important new evidence. This isn't the only alternative to the USDA's Food Guide Pyramid. The Asian, Latin, Mediterranean, and vegetarian pyramids promoted by Oldways Preservation and Exchange Trust[www.oldwayspt.org] are also good, evidence-based guides for healthy eating. The Healthy Eating Pyramid takes advantage of even more extensive research and offers a broader guide that is not based on a specific culture.The Healthy Eating Pyramid is described in greater detail in Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy: The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating, published by Simon and Schuster (2001)." The description of Mediterranean Diet Food Pyramid can be found on the we pages The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid <http://www.oldwayspt.org/pyramids/med/p_med.html> and Mediterranean Diet Food Pyramid <http://www.diet-i.com/mediterranean-diet-pyramid.htm> See also Healthy Eating Pyramids & Other Tools <http://www.e-guana.net/organizations.php3?orgid=61&typeID=193&action=printConten tItem&itemID=1521> -- Matti Narkia Sun, 07 Dec 2003 23:34:19 +0200 in article <fj67tvorngejk7h5vsteia0ono576bojif@4ax.com> Matti Narkia <mnng@despammed.com> wrote: >7 Dec 2003 12:53:52 -0800 in article ><a20043.0312071253.7ffd6774@posting.google.com> axipolti@yahoo.com [quoted text clipped - 15 lines] >the _Seven Countries Study_ and the diet of Crete. So go back to your >roots diet wise and stay healthy :-). A note about the traditional Cretan diet and fat: It derived about 40% of its calories from fat, mostly from olive oil. Omega-3 fatty acids were also well presented, but intake of saturated fatty acids was fairly low. |
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