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Medical Forum / General / Cardiology / May 2006Association between Carbohydrate Intake and Serum Lipids
http://www.jacn.org/current.shtml Which contains this abstract. http://www.jacn.org/cgi/content/abstract/25/2/155 Full Text (PDF) is available ...................................... Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 25, No. 2, 155-163 (2006) Published by the American College of Nutrition Association between Carbohydrate Intake and Serum Lipids Yunsheng Ma, MD, PhD, Youfu Li, MD, MPH, David E. Chiriboga, MD, MPH, Barbara C. Olendzki, RD, MPH, James R. Hebert, MSPH, ScD, Wenjun Li, PhD, Katherine Leung, MPH, Andrea R. Hafner, BS and Ira S. Ockene, MD Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine (Y.M., D.E.C., B.C.O., W.L., K.G., A.R.H.) Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.L., I.S.O.) University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (J.R.H.) Address correspondence to: Yunsheng Ma, MD, Ph.D., Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655. E-mail: Yunsheng.Ma@umassmed.edu Background: The effect of dietary carbohydrate on blood lipids has received considerable attention in light of the current trend in lowering carbohydrate intake for weight loss. Objectives: To evaluate the association between carbohydrate intake and serum lipids. Methods: Blood samples and 24-hour dietary and physical activity recall interviews were obtained from each subject at quarterly intervals for five consecutive quarters between 1994 and 1998 from 574 healthy adults in Central Massachusetts. Relationships between serum lipids and dietary carbohydrate factors were assessed using linear mixed models and adjusting for other risk factors known to be related to blood lipids. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal results were reported. Results: Cross-sectional analysis results from this study suggest that higher total carbohydrate intake, percentage of calories from carbohydrate, glycemic index (GI) and/or glycemic load (GL) are related to lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher serum triacylglycerol levels, while higher total carbohydrate intake and/or GL are related to lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. In a one-year longitudinal analysis, GL was positively associated with total and LDL-C levels, and there was an inverse association between percentage of calories from carbohydrate and HDL-C levels. Conclusions: Results suggest that there is a complex and predominantly unfavorable effect of increased intake of highly processed carbohydrate on lipid profile, which may have implications for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Further studies in the form of randomized controlled trials are required to investigate these associations and determine the implications for lipid management. Key words: dietary carbohydrates, LDL cholesterol, glycemic index, longitudinal studies Copyright 2006 by the American College of Nutrition.  SignatureS Jersey USA Zone 5 Shade This article is posted under fair use rules in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, and is strictly for the educational and informative purposes. This material is distributed without profit. William Wagner <not-to-here-williamwag@gmail.com> wrote in part: >higher total carbohydrate intake and/or GL >are related to lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >(LDL-C) levels. In a one-year longitudinal analysis, GL was positively >associated with total and LDL-C levels Say again? -- Jim Chinnis Warrenton, Virginia, USA > William Wagner <not-to-here-williamwag@gmail.com> wrote in part: > [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > -- > Jim Chinnis Warrenton, Virginia, USA Well I thought theses folks may have been on to something of interest. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press assists in the publication of JACN Online Seemed reputable. > Results: Cross-sectional analysis results from this study suggest that >higher total carbohydrate intake, percentage of calories from [quoted text clipped - 7 lines] >association between percentage of calories from carbohydrate and HDL-C >levels. (My thinking Carbs lower HDL Bill) Still a confusing paragraph :)) >Conclusions: Results suggest that there is a complex and predominantly >unfavorable effect of increased intake of highly processed carbohydrate >on lipid profile, which may have implications for metabolic syndrome, >diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Further studies in the form of >randomized controlled trials are required to investigate these >associations and determine the implications for lipid management. I wonder if Diabetic folks risk of CAD relates? I also think BG may be considered normal at too high a level. Gut tells me lower is better yet I've seem low blood sugar in my father in law . Scary. Rock and a hard place comes to mind as does balance. With cheap carbs everywhere I wonder which side it is easier to err on ? Bill SignatureS Jersey USA Zone 5 Shade This article is posted under fair use rules in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, and is strictly for the educational and informative purposes. This material is distributed without profit. In article <not-to-here-williamwag-14944D.12330611052006@sn-indi.vsrv-sjc.supernews .net>, > > William Wagner <not-to-here-williamwag@gmail.com> wrote in part: > > [quoted text clipped - 44 lines] > > Bill Maybe exercise is so good because it burns carbs? Seems tooooo simple. Hmm Sorry for the post to my self. Bill SignatureS Jersey USA Zone 5 Shade This article is posted under fair use rules in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, and is strictly for the educational and informative purposes. This material is distributed without profit. > Maybe exercise is so good because it burns carbs? > > Seems tooooo simple. It's twofold. Even moderate paced walking or moving around burns off serum glucose. Having to work or hunt for your food really is healthier in this respect. Weight training works by creating more muscle mass, which takes up more glucose from the blood, and improves insulin sensitivity. Susan >>Results: Cross-sectional analysis results from this study suggest that >>higher total carbohydrate intake, percentage of calories from [quoted text clipped - 10 lines] > (My thinking Carbs lower HDL Bill) Still a confusing > paragraph :)) This is true. Also responsible for raising TGLs. >>Conclusions: Results suggest that there is a complex and predominantly >>unfavorable effect of increased intake of highly processed carbohydrate [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] > law . Scary. Rock and a hard place comes to mind as does balance. > With cheap carbs everywhere I wonder which side it is easier to err on ? Here's this about that: Ann Intern Med 1998 Apr 1;128(7):524-33 Metabolic risk factors worsen continuously across the spectrum of nondiabetic glucose tolerance. The Framingham Offspring Study. Meigs JB, Nathan DM, Wilson PW, Cupples LA, Singer DE Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston University School of Public Health, 02114, USA. jmeigs@sol.mgh.harvard.edu BACKGROUND: Categorical definitions for glucose intolerance imply that risk thresholds exist, but metabolic risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular disease may increase continuously as glucose intolerance increases. OBJECTIVE: To examine the distributions of the following metabolic risk factors across the spectrum of glucose tolerance: overall and central obesity, hypertension, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased triglyceride and insulin levels. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: The community-based Framingham Offspring Study. PARTICIPANTS: 2583 adults without previously diagnosed diabetes. MEASUREMENTS: Clinical data; fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid levels; and glucose and insulin levels taken 2 hours after oral challenge were collected from 1991 to 1993. Glucose tolerance was determined by 1980 World Health Organization criteria. Patients with normal glucose tolerance were categorized into quintiles of fasting glucose. The distributions of each metabolic risk factor and the metabolic sum of the six risk factors were assessed across seven categories from the lowest quintile of normal fasting glucose level through impaired glucose tolerance and previously undiagnosed diabetes. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 54 years (range, 26 to 82 years); 52.7% of patients were women. Glucose tolerance testing found that 12.7% of patients had impaired glucose tolerance and 4.8% had previously undiagnosed diabetes. Multivariable-adjusted mean measures of risk factors and odds ratios for obesity, elevated waist-to-hip ratio, hypertension, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated triglyceride levels, and hyperinsulinemia showed continuous increases across the spectrum of nondiabetic glucose tolerance. Although a threshold effect near the upper range of nondiabetic glucose tolerance could not be ruled out for triglyceride levels in men and for insulin levels 2 hours after oral challenge in men and women, no other metabolic risk factors showed clear evidence of thresholds for increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus and for cardiovascular disease worsen continuously across the spectrum of glucose tolerance categories, beginning in the lowest quintiles of normal fasting glucose level. PMID: 9518396, UI: 98175274 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- the above report in MacintoshPCUNIX Susan Full content available at: http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/128/7/524 >Metabolic risk factors worsen continuously across the spectrum of >nondiabetic glucose tolerance. The Framingham Offspring Study. >Meigs JB, Nathan DM, Wilson PW, Cupples LA, Singer DE Glad to see that some folks are continuing to discuss health topics even under the waves of trolling. > Full content available at: > http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/128/7/524 [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > Glad to see that some folks are continuing to discuss health topics > even under the waves of trolling. I use my kill file. I don't see any trolling here. Just maintaining a presence. Susan throop@cs.utexas.edu (David R. Throop) wrote in part: >Full content available at: >http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/128/7/524 [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] >Glad to see that some folks are continuing to discuss health topics >even under the waves of trolling. What waves? It's pretty quiet here now that my killfile is -- Jim Chinnis Warrenton, Virginia, USA Jim Chinnis <jchinnis@SPAMalum.mit.edu> wrote in part: >throop@cs.utexas.edu (David R. Throop) wrote in part: > [quoted text clipped - 10 lines] > >What waves? It's pretty quiet here now that my killfile is ...full. -- Jim Chinnis Warrenton, Virginia, USA Jim Chinnis <jchinnis@SPAMalum.mit.edu> wrote in part: >William Wagner <not-to-here-williamwag@gmail.com> wrote in part: > [quoted text clipped - 4 lines] > >Say again? I was just commenting that the abstract seems to say that glycemic load is related to lower LDL and " in a one-year longitudinal analysis" GL was related to higher LDL. Maybe the abstract is discussing multiple studies in a garbled way. I'll try to read the full text. -- Jim Chinnis Warrenton, Virginia, USA |
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