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Medical Forum / General / Cardiology / February 2006

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Iron related?

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Kumar - 19 Feb 2006 04:16 GMT
Hello,

""Iron Loading and Disease Surveillance

Iron is an oxidant as well as a nutrient for invading microbial and
neoplastic cells. Excessive iron in specific tissues and cells (iron
loading) promotes development of infection, neoplasia, cardiomyopathy,
arthropathy, and various endocrine and possibly neurodegenerative
disorders. To contain and detoxify the metal, hosts have evolved an
iron withholding defense system, but the system can be compromised by
numerous factors. An array of behavioral, medical, and immunologic
methods are in place or in development to strengthen iron withholding.
Routine screening for iron loading could provide valuable information
in epidemiologic, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic studies of
emerging infectious diseases....
Iron can also increase disease risk by functioning as a readily
available essential nutrient for invading microbial and neoplastic
cells. To survive and replicate in hosts, microbial pathogens must
acquire host iron. Highly virulent strains possess exceptionally
powerful mechanisms for obtaining host iron from healthy hosts (7). In
persons whose tissues and cells contain excessive iron, pathogens can
much more readily procure iron from molecules of transferrin that are
elevated in iron saturation. In such cases, even microbial strains that
are not ordinarily dangerous can cause illness. Markedly invasive
neoplastic cell strains can glean host iron more easily than less
malignant strains or normal host cells (3). Moreover, iron-loaded
tissues are especially susceptible to growth of malignant cells (Table
1).
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol5no3/weinberg.htm  ""

This is interesting and dynamic understanding. I have few questions:-

1. Whether it is right that :iron is a nutrient for invading microbial
and neoplastic cells as indicated in above article?

2. Whether host of invading microbial and neoplastic cells can get such
natural defence responses of withholding iron intake by anorexia,
aversion to some foods, low gastric acidity, changes in intestinal mucs
linings or otherwise?

3. Whether host of invading microbial and neoplastic cells can get for
such natural defence responses as anemias,  improper or imbalanced iron
movements( by effecting Cap.Preambilities, Changes in RBCs sizes and
their destructions etc.), B12 or folic acid imbalances etc.?

4. Whether host of invading microbial and neoplastic cells can get for
such natural defence responses of more excretion or loss of iron from
body as excess prespiration, night sweats, from excess skin, nails,
hair growth etc. ?

5. Whether iron is an only nutient required for their survival and
growth or there are some others?

6. How gastric acids or digestive pH imbalances can be related to such
stimulations of withholding iron intake(somewhere antacids are
contraindicaed for iron, B12,, folic acis, Ca, Mg, protiens etc.
digestion so absorptions)?

7. Which homonal imbalances are related to iron imbalances? Just look:-

"Drugs that can increase iron measurements include chloramphenicol,
estrogens, oral contraceptives, and methyldopa.

Drugs that can decrease iron measurements include cholestyramine,
chloramphenicol, colchicine, deferoxamine, methicillin, allopurinol,
and testosterone.

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003488.htm ""

Antibiotics, estrogens, oral contraceptives and testosterone are esp.
indicated for iron imbalances. ??

Since iron in animals and Mg in plants can be core mineral, their deep
and dynamic understanding may add.

Best wishes.
Kumar - 19 Feb 2006 17:01 GMT
""Table 1. Factors that modifiy iron absorption

Physical State (bioavailibility): heme > Fe2+> Fe3+

High Gastric pH: hemigastrectomy, vagotomy, pernicious anemia histamine
H2 receptor blockers, calcium-based antacids

Disruption of Intestinal Structure: Crohn's disease, celiac disease
(non-tropical sprue)

Inhibitors: phylates, tannins, soil clay, laundry starch, iron overload

Competitors: cobalt, lead, strontium

Facilitators: ascorbate, citrate, amino acids, iron deficiency
http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/fe-def.html ""

Informations on above link is also interesting. Is it correct?
Kumar - 22 Feb 2006 03:02 GMT
""Patients with chronic inflammatory disorders, including infections,
inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis and cancer, commonly become
anemic.

The anemia can make them sicker, is sometimes severe enough to require
a blood transfusion, and responds only partially to current treatments.

A Children's Hospital team led by Cindy Roy in CHB's Division of
Hematology/Oncology previously showed that anemia of chronic disease
results from over-activation of hepcidin, a hormone involved in
controlling iron in the body.

Hepcidin is triggered by inflammation and may also help fight
infection, both by directly inactivating pathogens and by reducing the
amount of iron circulating in the blood.

This "iron withholding" deprives infectious pathogens of a nutrient
they need to proliferate, but it also reduces the iron available to
developing red blood cells. As a result, patients become anemic.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=7392 ""

People get many type of anemias:-

Anemia - B12 deficiency
Anemia - folate deficiency
Anemia - iron deficiency
Anemia due to chronic disease
Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia - G-6-PD deficiency
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Immune hemolytic anemia
Immune hemolytic anemia - drug-induced
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Secondary aplastic anemia
Sickle cell anemia
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000560.htm

As mentioned in above links, it looks that getting few type of anemias
can also be a "natural defence mechanism" as "iron withholding"
deprives infectious pathogens of a nutrient they need to proliferate.
It is not clear whether such mechanism also work on getting cancer
cells esp. in tumor stage.
 
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