Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Prostate Cancer / March 2008
Re: When to start ADT.. etc. The Nestin factor, guys?
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MikeHi@anon.co.uk - 02 Mar 2008 13:26 GMT I am standing on the brink of ADT, so have read all these threads with great interest, and I thank all contributors - including all the usual suspects - in our NG they are admirable and highly informed ones! Bogey I'm sure would have been proud of them. But in all the discussion there has been no mention of the 'Nestin' factor. There were three posts from Ronju99 (Ron S), me, and Steve Jordan 7th and 8th February. I found the research worrying, salient, and a totally new factor. I would have thought it could not be ignored. The source research document into the nestin gene, from John Hopkins, was given by Steve as:
>http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/67/19/9199 : Ron S who introduced the subject concluded that, ".... it could throw a spanner in the standard treatment of advanced PCa with androgen ablation". Steve pointed out the report noted that "the function of nestin is poorly understood". And that when more was known it ".... may lead to strategies to prevent and neutralise metastatic spread". Those were in fact two short phrases in the report. I quoted a substantial chunk of in my Feb 8th post so won't repeat it. But one para reads:
'Nestin mRNA was detected in cell lines from small cell lung, and breast cancers, and particularly elevated in cell lines derived from prostate cancer metastases.'
And: '..Cytoplasmic Nestin protein was readily identifiable in prostate cancer cells from 75% of patients with lethal androgen-independent disease, even in cancer sampled from the prostate itself. However, Nestin expression was undetectable in localized androgen-deprived tumors and in metastases without prior androgen deprivation.' I concluded by asking a question: .." I know there are fiercely held differing views in this NG on theefficacy of one therapy. But could we please look at this as a piece of independent research - not known to any proponents or opponents before. Is it not reasonable to allow that it is now shown that hormone therapy could have results the opposite to what is intended????"
I am rather more anxious than I was before about ADT. I am equally anxious to be corrected, and told that I need not be more anxious.
I would like to ask my question again therefore, and would welcome you knowledgeable guys fitting it into the debate.
Many thanks. Kind regards and best wishes to all. MikeHi
DominicM - 02 Mar 2008 14:45 GMT On Mar 2, 8:26 am, Mik...@anon.co.uk wrote:
> I am standing on the brink of ADT, so have read all these threads with > great interest, and I thank all contributors - including all the usual [quoted text clipped - 47 lines] > Kind regards and best wishes to all. > MikeHi Hi Mike:
Sorry to hear you are faced with this dilemma.
I just faced this quandry myself. The simple way I look at it is this. I may develop hormone insensitive cells that are initiated by the use of ADT but the fact is testosterone drives PCA. So ADT can at least reduce the risk of spread related to those hormone dependant cells. With a fast PSADT, I needed to take action despite risks of the nestin factor or SE's. I may develop hormone insensitive cells no matter what I do. An alternative was to do nothing or I suppose I could have pursued an Phase II trial with Revlimid or some other antiangiogenesis drug. Those aren't proven but perhaps they don't drive hormone indep cells.
Nothing is crystal clear with this disease. You just have to do your due diligence and do what's right for you. Good luck.
SY - 02 Mar 2008 20:24 GMT >Nothing is crystal clear with this disease. You just have to do your >due diligence and do what's right for you. Unfortunate, but so true. We're desperately digging for studies to guide us in our decision-making, but lots of them are not sound methodologically or the results are misinterpreted, or "unexciting" results are omitted altogether, or all three. Then we compound the error by applying aggregate data to our individual cases. Our physicians, on whom we so much want to rely, in their recommendations, more often than not, fly by the seat of their pants -- at best, their favorite pants -- taking the patients along for the ride.
skeptic - 03 Mar 2008 15:51 GMT > >Nothing is crystal clear with this disease. You just have to do your > >due diligence and do what's right for you. [quoted text clipped - 7 lines] > more often than not, �fly by the seat of their pants -- at best, their > favorite pants -- taking the patients along for the ride. � I guess I already know this answer, but do I assume if I "wait", my psa will keep rising unabated? What if it stays at its present level 1.32 (which I already know is too high...but given the debate on nestin gives me pause)? Or am I dreaming that it will not continue to rise? I should qualify that my first psa was taken prematurely, not even three weeks after RP, when it was .8, then 5 weeks post RP it went to 1.32. What if I delay treatment and another psa shows a stable, albeit higher than desired psa, but not any higher? Again, oft repeated, I feel absolutely great and have no symptoms post RP other than the normal ones. Should I wait one more month for another psa...again, given the controversy on nestin destruction from ADT?
Steve Kramer - 03 Mar 2008 20:50 GMT I guess I already know this answer, but do I assume if I "wait", my psa will keep rising unabated?
==> You're really too close to your surgery and PSA assays to say where it's going or how fast. If you put only those to factors into a PSAD nonogram, it will tell you that your PSAD is 21 days. That would be, if true, not only growing unabated, but growing wildly and unabated. I think it's much better that you act on what you're certain about. You have cancer in your lymphatic system and it is growing at a significant rate and it's not going to stop on its own.
Should I wait one more month for another psa...again, given the controversy on nestin destruction from ADT?
==> Ordinarily, I'd say that's a really good idea. In your case... well, I just don' t know.
 Signature PSA 16 10/17/2000 @ 46 Biopsy 11/01/2000 G7 (3+4), T2c RRP 12/15/2000 G7 (3+4), T3cN0M0 Neg margins PSA <.1 <.1 <.1 .27 .37 .75 PSAD 0.19 years EBRT 05-07/2002 @ 47 PSA .34 .22 .15 .21 .32 PSAD .056 years Lupron 07/03 (1 mo) 8/03 and every 4 months there after PSA .07 .05 .06 .09 .08 .132 .145 PSAD 1.4 years Casodex added daily 07/06 PSA <0.04, <0.05, <0.04, <0.04, <0.1 2/12/08 Non Illegitimi Carborundum
MikeHi@anon.co.uk - 03 Mar 2008 19:20 GMT This is what, snipped, preceeded Dominic's post:
>On Mar 2, 8:26 am, Mik...@anon.co.uk wrote: >> I am standing on the brink of ADT, ..... [quoted text clipped - 19 lines] >> that hormone therapy could have results the opposite to what >> is intended????"
>> I would like to ask my question again therefore, and would welcome you >> knowledgeable guys fitting it into the debate. >> >> Many thanks. >> Kind regards and best wishes to all. >> MikeHi DOMINIC WROTE:
>Hi Mike: > [quoted text clipped - 13 lines] >Nothing is crystal clear with this disease. You just have to do your >due diligence and do what's right for you. Good luck. Thank you all, and Dominic: And before I go any further, apologies to the distinguished John Hopkins team if I have in any way quoted them inappropriately. I've tried hard not to. This the document I'll now be quoting from (originally from Ron99, thanks): http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-10/jhmi-stf092807.php
Dominic you wrote: "I just faced this quandry myself. The simple way I look at it is this. I may develop hormone insensitive cells that are initiated by the use of ADT but the fact is testosterone drives PCA. So ADT can at least reduce the risk of spread related to those hormone dependant cells."
Aye...there's the rub.... Dominic, I believe you've hit the quandary in the solution of your quandary! We slow the growth. Yes. But do we maybe also encourage the spread of lethal metastasis eventually?
Here are some extracts from the press release from John Hopkins (as distinct from the original research) in plain layman's language which helps guys like me:
The first extract confirms the reason why you - and probably me -will take the therapy:
".. (androgen deprivation)......is effective at slowing tumor growth, they (the John Hopkins researchers) emphasized."
After those cautionary words because the research is new, some conclusions are reached fromn this early research:
..." A popular prostate cancer treatment called androgen deprivation therapy may encourage prostate cancer cells to produce a protein that makes them more likely to spread throughout the body..."
"......the researchers experimented on a prostate cancer cell line that depends on androgens to grow. When they removed androgens from the chemical mixture that the cells live in, their production of nestin increased."
In further experiments: "....cells weren't able to move around and through other cells nearly as well as cells with normal nestin levels."
And the effect of that as regards Pca spreading through the body: "Prostate cancer cells with hampered (Mike Hi read this word as "less") nestin expression were also less likely than normal prostate cancer cells to migrate to other parts of the body when transplanted into mice."
Here in short is the opening para of the JH press release; and the last para.
..."A popular prostate cancer treatment called androgen deprivation therapy may encourage prostate cancer cells to produce a protein that makes them more likely to spread throughout the body, a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers suggests."
..."What all this suggests is that nestin levels increased when prostate cancer cells are deprived of androgens and may encourage the cells to metastasize," says Berman. (The research team was led by David Berman, an assistant professor of pathology, urology and oncology at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.)
End excerpts.
Dominic, like you, I'll still try the delaying tactics with homone therapy. It's easy. I'll outlast the bastard. There's no way it'll get me before the due day.
Best wishes to all MikeHi "Exponential lightspeed". Def: The discovery of the cure for Pca at a speed which defies Einstein.
I.P. Freely - 02 Mar 2008 17:31 GMT > Is it not reasonable to allow that it is now shown > that hormone therapy could have results the opposite to what > is intended????" * It certainly gives me additional pause should I need further treatment. I will be watching closely for news of nestin, and, if my PSA becomes alarming, will Google it to the third decimal place and grill my oncs about it. My Gleason 8 and SVI say "Ah'll be baaaack", but my PSA says "not any time soon", and since the experts can't agree on ADT timing, I'm not about to gamble my present health and vigor on preemptive ADT.
OTOH, ADT has been shown by many trials to extend life by weeks to years, with a median benefit of several months. Rumors of some cases of earlier deaths due to ADT were shot down by closer examination of the study which made that claim. These facts make me suspect Nestin isn't the ogre it sounds like, but ... RETURN TO ASTERIX.
I.P.
Alan Meyer - 03 Mar 2008 18:45 GMT On Mar 2, 1:26 pm, Mik...@anon.co.uk wrote: ...
> Is it not reasonable to allow that it is now shown that > hormone therapy could have results the opposite to what > is intended????" ...
I think you may be reading more into the research report than is really there.
The researchers studied the transcription of a protein named "Nestin" that is found in metastatic cells from a number of different cancers. "Transcription" here means that the cell is producing templates that are used in the generation of the Nestin protein.
They suggest that Nestin has some function in metastasis, though they don't know what. They studied its expression in different cell lines from androgen dependent and independent cancers, and showed that, in some circumstances, withdrawal of hormone appears to have stimulated the expression of Nestin. However they also note that localized hormone deprived cancers do not express Nestin.
What does all this mean for the patient?
We really don't know. The scientists weren't in any position to answer that question. We don't even know, for example, if the expression of Nestin in newly androgen deprived cells is something they do because they are dying - the way radiated cells may express more PSA when they are dying.
I say that, not because it's likely, but because I want to highlight that the connection between this kind of very low level research into the molecules in cancer cells, is still far removed from medical application. It's revealing the shape of a little piece in a 10,000 or 100,000 piece jigsaw puzzle. The research will someday be useful, but we don't yet know how.
On the other hand we do have studies (not accepted by all doctors) at the high level that show that ADT can prolong life. I am not aware of any study showing that it shortens life, at least with respect to PCa. There have been some studies indicating that men on ADT are more likely to die of heart disease but, as one of the previous posters pointed out, those studies are now questioned.
We also know that men who are not treated with ADT will die of their cancers. Even specialists like Dr. Patrick Walsh, an opponent of early ADT, believe that ADT is useful, they just don't think that it's needed until the patient is near the point of having symptoms.
I don't see how anything in the Nestin study changes any of those conclusions.
I wouldn't let it influence my decision regarding ADT.
Alan
Alan Meyer - 04 Mar 2008 02:55 GMT > ... > I don't see how anything in the Nestin study changes any of those [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > > Alan I hadn't seen the citation at: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-10/jhmi-stf092807.php
when I wrote the above lines. It does more clearly state that the researchers were concerned about the possibility of ADT making metastasis easier.
Nevertheless, it is still the case that we have empirical studies to show that life is prolonged by early ADT. So either the Nestin issue is not a factor, or it's just one factor and that ADT does other things that more than make up for any negative Nestin effects.
I would still put my faith in the studies showing longer life with early ADT. Those studies didn't measure the number of molecules of Nestin in a cell, they measured the number of years that a man lives. That's the measurement that we care about.
Alan
MikeHi@anon.co.uk - 04 Mar 2008 10:23 GMT >> ... >> I don't see how anything in the Nestin study changes any of those [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] >> >> Alan Alan then added:
>I hadn't seen the citation at: >http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-10/jhmi-stf092807.php [quoted text clipped - 16 lines] > > Alan Thanks Alan for the fine tuning. It helps the decision I'd already made - as I noted above - that I'll go for some hormone therapy anyway - if only to buy time. Mike
kh - 06 Mar 2008 12:51 GMT On Mar 2, 8:26 am, Mik...@anon.co.uk wrote:
> I am standing on the brink of ADT, so have read all these threads with A year ago, I went back on Lupron. I had to.
The ADT side effects are trivial compared to what I went through last year.
There was (is) a large PCa tumor in my chest. It was choking off both my airway and vena cava (? the bloodflow from my heart to my lungs.)
It was this close to killing me. 1 flight of stairs put me in oxygen debt.
A biopsy revealed the face of the beast. JHU put me on Lupron with an initial Casodex boost. 3 months on Lupron, I was breathing normally. For 6 months my PSA dropped below 1.
In the last year, it's gone hormone resistant but has not resumed the choking, yet.
A couple months ago, when my PSA rose above 10, my back began hurting. It got worse and worse. An MRI showed that the beast was back and in my vertebra.
Inova is treating my back with their Trilogy and decadron (a steroid to reduce swelling), percocet (pain), ibuprofen(inflammation and pain). After 8 treatments, my back is improved but I am dealing with side effects from the drugs and radiation.
There are many puzzles to my situation. At relatively low PSA levels, the PCa is tearing me up. It responded fast last year and then suddenly didn't respond to ADT.
I need to get another PSA and send my updates to Steve K.
-kh Puzzled but still ready to rock 'n roll, just don't ask me to shake my bootie.
Alan Meyer - 08 Mar 2008 05:14 GMT > On Mar 2, 8:26 am, Mik...@anon.co.uk wrote: > [quoted text clipped - 35 lines] > -kh Puzzled but still ready to rock 'n roll, just don't ask me to > shake my bootie. kh,
Has anyone suggested "second line" hormone therapy to you? Some docs use estradiol patches and/or ketoconazole. Not everyone is helped, but some men are.
I'm not trying to second guess the docs at JHU. They know vastly more than I do. But if you haven't had it yet, it's something to ask about.
Alan
kh - 08 Mar 2008 12:13 GMT > Has anyone suggested "second line" hormone therapy to you? > Some docs use estradiol patches and/or ketoconazole. Not > everyone is helped, but some men are. Not exactly. JHU is putting me in their taxotere with IL-6 antigen trial. That should start after the radiation.
They did mention using an anti-fungal drug after the taxotere, that's probably the ketoconazole.
I am clearly fighting this battle from a weak tactical position.
The good news is that between Inova and JHU, I've got the A-team on my side.
I've noticed that there isn't a lot of fiddle-talking around. These guys know their stuff and are in "execute" mode, not "let's mull it over and discuss it" mode.
My interactions w/ both JHU and Inova are terse, crisp. I like that.
In my business, IT consulting, there is too much talk and not enough action. A few years ago, I worked at a place that was talk-only. It was horrible. They spent days contemplating the meaning of meaning.
Saturday morning update.
Woke up w/ the usual heartburn and managed to crawl to the commode without an accident. My back is stiff and still hurts like a knife in it when I get up in the morning.
Once I move around, loosen up my back, it feels fine. There is an ache but it's not painful.
After an hour, and the morning percocet kicks in, I'm floating fine. My first hour includes 4 or 5 trips to the john to clean out my plumbing. My water bill will be huge next month. After that, I'm ready for a day of listening to my GI tract gurgle.
I am walking better, I am definitely on the upswing.
-kh
Steve Kramer - 08 Mar 2008 13:36 GMT > I am walking better, I am definitely on the upswing. You're a good writer, kh, with a great attitude. I hope to, someday, know your name and more about you.
> -kh skeptic - 08 Mar 2008 14:28 GMT Saw my original surgeon yesterday for my 6 week follow-up and he made it clear, in no uncertain terms, given my 1.37 post RP psa, and the lymphatic involvement and seminal vessels, ...oh..and gleason 9.....I need to go on the old Casodex & Lupron combo...immediately. He was very, very firm and confident and concerned about me NOT doing this, so I have stopped obsessing over the myriad of possible SE and will heed his advice. I have no time or mind-stamina to sit back and continue to research my condition..to death. I'm joining the ADT club.
Steve Kramer - 08 Mar 2008 14:51 GMT > Saw my original surgeon yesterday for my 6 week follow-up and he made > it clear, in no uncertain terms, given my 1.37 post RP psa, and the [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > continue to research my condition..to death. > I'm joining the ADT club. Welcome to the ADT subcommittee! You should note some immediate SEs, including a spike in your libido. My night sweats and hot flashes were definitely worst in the first month. I fight fatigue with lots of walking. Othere SEs can be handled by medicine. Be sure to keep in contact with your doc.
That said, if I were in your shoes, I think I would continue my research and see a medical oncologyst who specializes in prostate cancer. Your surgeon has done what he can. Based on your immediate biological failure and Gleason, you might want to attack this bastard more aggressively than just ADT2. But, ADT2 will keep you in good shape while you do these things and make your decision.
 Signature PSA 16 10/17/2000 @ 46 Biopsy 11/01/2000 G7 (3+4), T2c RRP 12/15/2000 G7 (3+4), T3cN0M0 Neg margins PSA <.1 <.1 <.1 .27 .37 .75 PSAD 0.19 years EBRT 05-07/2002 @ 47 PSA .34 .22 .15 .21 .32 PSAD .056 years Lupron 07/03 (1 mo) 8/03 and every 4 months there after PSA .07 .05 .06 .09 .08 .132 .145 PSAD 1.4 years Casodex added daily 07/06 PSA <0.04, <0.05, <0.04, <0.04, <0.1 2/12/08 Non Illegitimi Carborundum
Steve Jordan - 08 Mar 2008 17:58 GMT > Saw my original surgeon yesterday for my 6 week follow-up and he made > it clear, in no uncertain terms, given my 1.37 post RP psa, and the [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > continue to research my condition..to death. > I'm joining the ADT club. The surgeon has a point, I think. But like Steve K I recommend moving beyond a surgeon, whose job is finished, to a medical oncologist, who is a genuine cancer specialist; preferably one who is well-educated in tx of PCa.
A list of some can be found via this portal on the authoritative website of the Prostate Cancer Research Institute (PCRI) at http://www.prostate-cancer.org/resource/find-a-physician.html
So far as SEs (called Androgen Deprivation Syndrome) are concerned, they can be alleviated. I recommend starting to learn via this: http://www.prostate-cancer.org/education/sidefx/Strum_ADS.html
Lastly, I wonder whether the surgeon is sufficiently well-trained to understand the concepts of clinical flare and loss of bone mineral density (BMD).
Flare can occur when starting ADT, and involves accelerated tumor growth caused by a surge in testosterone. It is prevented by a week's tx with Casodex.
Loss of BMD begins immediately upon starting ADT and can be treated using bisphosphonates, which can themselves have SEs that should be addressed.
Note: I'm using the term "ADT" to mean use of LHRH agonists such as Trelstar, Zoladex and Lupron in its various manifestations.
More on the above can be found on the PCRI website.
Regards,
Steve J
"I believe it is a mistake for many urologists to be involved in the endocrine therapy of prostate cancer. Let me state why. Urologists are surgeons and many times surgeons rush to a treatment without really understanding what they are doing." -- Stephen B. Strum, MD Medical Oncologist
I.P. Freely - 09 Mar 2008 06:32 GMT > Saw my original surgeon yesterday for my 6 week follow-up and he made > it clear, in no uncertain terms, given my 1.37 post RP psa, and the [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > continue to research my condition..to death. > I'm joining the ADT club. I don't think anyone would argue with that, as long as your med onc agrees.
I.P.
Alan Meyer - 08 Mar 2008 16:32 GMT > ... > I am walking better, I am definitely on the upswing. You're a trooper kh.
Keep on keepin' on.
Alan
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