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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Prostate Cancer / December 2007

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Does PSA ever go to Zero?

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Debbie13331 - 29 Nov 2007 00:27 GMT
Hello,

We got good news today (three months after salvage radiation ended).  At
the end of radiation, Allen's PSA was 0.09.  A month ago he got another
test and it was still at 0.09 so we were a little concerned that it wasn't
trending down.  We just got the results of his 3-month post-radiation test
and it is at 0.05.  Yay!!!  We were wondering, though, whether PSA ever
completely goes away.  Since Allen doesn't have a prostate anymore, what
is left to produce PSA at any level?  Just curious - we are completely
greatful for the good results thus far.  

As always, thanks for any answers you might have!

Regards, Debbie

Allen
Currently 54 years old
Suffers from Crohns disease (been controlled for many years)
Prostate Surgery 8/2004, 3+4=7, [capsular penetration, clear margins???]
Undetectable PSA until:
12/06 0.1
4/07 0.26
5/07 0.30  
Started radiation on 7/11/2007.
Completed radiation 8/29/2007, PSA taken on last day of radiation 0.09
PSA 8/29/2007     0.09
PSA 10/22/07         0.09
PSA  11/28/2007     0.05
fred - 29 Nov 2007 01:01 GMT
Good news indeed!

After SRT in Spring of 2006, my PSA has gone down from 0.110 pre-SRT
to 0.044 (3 months post), 0.025 (6 months), 0.019 (9months), 0.013 (12
months), 0.008 (15 months).

They told me that anything under 0.04 (as the lowest point) would
indicate initial success; but you started considerably higher than me
so I assume that your 0.050 after just 3 months is excellent! One
would expect yours to continue to decline for a few months yet.

My understanding is that PSA never gets to 0.000; there is always some
residual prostate tissue, which, even if benign, will trigger some PSA
measurement.

BTW, they told me I shouldn't celebrate too much until 2 years after
SRT. But looks to me that so far, you're doing fine!

Good luck, and continued low PSAs!!

Fred
BH - 29 Nov 2007 01:10 GMT
Congratulations to both you and Allen!  The PSA trend is going the
right way and, in my opinion, a "normal" manner.  Radiation is sort of
funny in that the effects of the treatments are cumulative and they
continue to "build up" at least for a while after treatments are
finished.  I think it's pretty "normal" for the first drop to be
noticed at about 3 months after treatments end.  Hopefully that trend
will continue.

Will it ever get to zero?  First, the tests that are commonly used for
diagnosis and monitoring don't measure to zero.  They have a bottom
limit to what can be measured.  Therefore, when PSA drops below that
level, results will be reported as <0.0X, with X representing the
lowest amount that can be measured by that test.  And, since no one
can really know if the actual PSA is just under the amount that can be
measured or is actually far below that amount, I think you'll find
that no one will tell you that PSA is zero.  There are some
ultra-sensitive tests that are sometimes used for specific purposes,
but I think they can not measure to absolute zero, either.  If I'm
wrong about this, I'm sure someone will correct me.  

In the meantime, continue to be happy that the PSA is low and
dropping.

This should help you have "Happy Holidays"!  Best wishes.
Burney

>Hello,
>
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
>PSA 10/22/07         0.09
>PSA  11/28/2007     0.05

RP in 1995 (age 52)
RT in 2000
ADT (Casodex) 10/06 - 8/07

burney dot huff at mindspring dot com
ron - 29 Nov 2007 01:47 GMT
On Nov 28, 5:27 pm, "Debbie13331" <nos...@family.net> wrote...snip...
> Since Allen doesn't have a prostate anymore, what
> is left to produce PSA at any level?  Just curious - we are completely
> greatful for the good results thus far.  

Hi Debbie...Congrats to you and Allen on the nice PSA trend!  As to
your question, some other organs in the body do produce very small
amounts of PSA.  For example, PSA has been found to be present in
epithelial cells of the trachea, thyroid gland, mammary gland,
salivary gland, pancreatic exocrine glands, jejunum, ileum,
epididymis, seminal vesicle and urethra, as well as in Leydig cells
and epidermis pituitary tissue and adrenal tissue.  It is also found
in many tumors (e.g. lung, colon, ovary, liver, kidney, adrenal and
paroria).  As expected from the above, PSA has also been found in
women.  PSA in women can occasionally exceed 0.1 ng/ml depending upon
BCa status, age, time in the menstrual cycle, etc.  So while PSA may
be "undectable" with currrent test protocols, it never actually
reaches zero.  A felow by the name of "Diamandis" has done a lot of
work on PSA in women and detection of ultra-low amounts of PSA.  The
following website will provide more information for the interested
reader

http://www.utoronto.ca/acdclab/home.htm

...Best wishes and good health, ron
Alan Meyer - 29 Nov 2007 01:54 GMT
> Hello,
>
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> is left to produce PSA at any level?  Just curious - we are completely
> greatful for the good results thus far.
...

I'm hardly an expert on this but here are some thoughts concerning
it.

First, Allen must have some prostate tissue left over after the surgery
if his PSA rose.  Even if 100% of the prostate were removed by
the surgeon (which is difficult to know for sure), there must have
been some extra-prostatic tissue, i.e., prostate cells that spread
outside the prostate itself, causing the PSA.  The good news
about that is that these extra-prostatic tumor cells are often
within just a few millimeters of where the prostate was and so
are easily treated by the radiation beams.

Secondly, radiation doesn't necessarily kill the tumor cells.  It
damages them.  It especially damages the DNA in the cell, which
is needed for the cell to divide and reproduce itself.  But the
cell can continue living and continue producing PSA.  Eventually,
many of those damaged cells will die, but it could take years.
In the meantime, if the radiation treatment was successful, they
are no longer a threat because they can't spread and metastasize.

Radiation oncology is apparently a balancing act.  The idea is
to deliver just enough radiation to stop the cancer, but no more.
It would be possible to use really high powered radiation and
get a sure kill of all the prostate cells, but the collateral damage
would be unacceptable, possibly killing the patient or making his
life hell.  That's the reason why research in radiation focuses
mainly on getting more radiation to the cancer and less to the
rest of the body - something that involves more and more
sophisticated computer and sensor guided radiation beams
and seeds.

My impression of the numbers you've given, .09, .09, .05 is
that they are good.  I'm optimistic that Allen will pull through
this okay.

Good luck.

   Alan
cognite tute - 29 Nov 2007 04:04 GMT
>>Hello,
>>
[quoted text clipped - 53 lines]
>
>     Alan

my understanding is that the adrenal gland can also produce psa.

j.
Steve Kramer - 29 Nov 2007 23:15 GMT
> Hello,
>
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> is left to produce PSA at any level?  Just curious - we are completely
> greatful for the good results thus far.

I'm sure you've already gotten your answer and know that you are in a
territory of which some SRT patients only dream.  And, that 0.000 is
unreachable in any case.

My post is only to join the probable chorus of congratulations!!!  That is
great, great news.

Signature

PSA 16 10/17/2000 @ 46
Biopsy 11/01/2000 G7 (3+4), T2c
RRP 12/15/2000 G7 (3+4), T3cN0M0 Neg margins
PSA  <.1  <.1  <.1  .27  .37  .75            PSAD 0.19 years
EBRT 05-07/2002 @ 47
PSA  .34 .22 .15 .21 .32                       PSAD .056 years
Lupron 07/03 (1 mo) 8/03 and every 4 months there after
PSA  .07 .05 .06 .09 .08 .132 .145       PSAD 1.4 years
Casodex added daily 07/06
PSA <0.04, <0.05, <0.04, <0.04 10/11/07
Non Illegitimi Carborundum

Gourd Dancer - 30 Nov 2007 21:17 GMT
0.0 is unreachable. Even females have a small reading.

Take heart 0.09 is less than 0.1. Anything less than 0.1 is considered
undetectible. Congratulations. Enjoy.

GD
> Hello,
>
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
> PSA 10/22/07 0.09
> PSA  11/28/2007 0.05
Steve Jordan - 30 Nov 2007 23:32 GMT
On November 30, Gourd Dancer replied to Debbie:

> Take heart 0.09 is less than 0.1.

But by less than a gnat's whisker. More exactly, one one-hundredth of a
millionth of a gram less. Or, stated differently, 0.0000001 gram. A
Cuban PCa friend calls this "caca de mosca." Fly, er, specks, feces.

It might be significant or it might not. The trend over time will tell
the tale.

>  Anything less than 0.1 is considered undetectible (sic).

With all due respect, and to keep the record straight, no, it is not. At
least not by competent specialists in the field.

It must be understood that "undetectable" is quit simply that: not
capable of detection by the methods in use by the lab in question.

But modern methods can detect PSA down to 0.01 ng/mL and even less. See
http://www.prostate-cancer.org/education/preclin/McDermed_Using_PSA_Intelligentl
y2.html

or
http://tinyurl.com/kdp7c

Regards,

Steve J
Steve Tew - 01 Dec 2007 16:31 GMT
> On November 30, Gourd Dancer replied to Debbie:
>
[quoted text clipped - 23 lines]
>
> Steve J

That is what my doctor told me after the first PSA test following the
surgery.  That the report listed the result as undetectable.  I took this to
mean zero.

Steve Tew
Gourd Dancer - 03 Dec 2007 07:41 GMT
Steve, I did not mean to re-open the subject of the value of ultra-sensative
assay scores for PSA. Most conventional methods use less than 0.1 as the
cutoff for undetectable levels. Some use less than 0.2 as the cutoff. Some,
regardless of the assay value, do not recommend further treatment until the
score reaches 0.4. Do you know what the cutoff value that your Specialist
uses?

At issue are points such as: assay score variability and residual benign
tissue. Both points generally do not represent residual disease. In
otherwords, some patients with an ultra-sensative detected PSA level will
never ultimately have a real detected PSA measurement.

Regards,

GD

> On November 30, Gourd Dancer replied to Debbie:
>
[quoted text clipped - 23 lines]
>
> Steve J
ron - 03 Dec 2007 16:15 GMT
On Dec 3, 12:41 am, "Gourd Dancer" <!!!msheets!!!@!!!sbcglobal!!!.net>
wrote...snip...

In otherwords, some patients with an ultra-sensative detected PSA
level will never ultimately have a real detected PSA measurement.

Hi GD...Patients with an ultra-sensitive detected PSA have had a real
detected PSA measurement, IMO.  Perhaps you are saying that patients
with an ultra-sensative detected PSA level may never ultimately have a
PSA > 0.1 ng/ml or may never need treatment?  I would agree with
either of those two possibilities...best wishes and good health, ron
Steve Jordan - 03 Dec 2007 17:29 GMT
> Steve, I did not mean to re-open the subject of the value of
> ultra-sensative assay scores for PSA.

Neither did I.

> Most conventional methods use less than 0.1 as the cutoff for
> undetectable levels.

I think that we must agree on the definition of "undetectable." I am
satisfied mine, as set out in my post upthread, "Not capable of
detection by the methods in use by the lab in question."

> Some use less than 0.2 as the cutoff. Some, regardless of the assay
> value, do not recommend further treatment until the score reaches
> 0.4. Do you know what the cutoff value that your Specialist uses?

I think that GD has shifted to discussion of the PSA value at which
treatment should be restarted.

FWIW, which is nothing to anyone but me, my med onc uses the value of
1.0 ng/mL at which to restart tx. Reason: that is the amount that *I*
selected after study and discussion.

> At issue are points such as: assay score variability and residual
> benign tissue. Both points generally do not represent residual
> disease. In otherwords, some patients with an ultra-sensative
> detected PSA level will never ultimately have a real detected PSA
> measurement.

Not sure I follow. When is a PSA test result "unreal?" I think ron has
responded.

I wonder whether GD's reference is to PSA from cancer cells vs. PSA from
normal cells. I don't know of any way to tell the difference based only on
the PSA test.

Regards,

Steve J
Debbie13331 - 18 Dec 2007 05:59 GMT
Thanks to all for the discussion.  This was all very reassuring!  Here's
hoping for a continued trend downwards.  Take care, Debbie

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