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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Prostate Cancer / June 2006

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Smart Bomb Technology - More Hope

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Dave P - 30 May 2006 14:45 GMT
BIOWIRE

Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: PGNX) today announced the
expansion of its collaboration with Seattle Genetics, Inc. (NASDAQ:
SGEN) to include activities intended to accelerate the manufacture and
development of Progenics' prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)
antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Under the expanded collaboration,
Seattle Genetics will develop and optimize certain methods suitable for
manufacturing and testing PSMA ADC to support studies in humans. The
new agreement is designed to accelerate development of this product by
leveraging Seattle Genetics' prior experience in ADC process
development and testing. Progenics is responsible for fees and
milestone payments in addition to those already provided under the
parties' existing collaborative agreement established in June 2005.

"We are committed to developing PSMA-based immunotherapies for prostate
cancer that are potentially less toxic and more active than existing
treatments," said Paul J. Maddon, M.D., Ph.D., Progenics' Founder,
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Science Officer. "Prostate cancer
patients with metastatic disease have the greatest unmet medical need,
and we intend to initiate phase 1 clinical studies in this setting
during 2007 with our fully human antibody-drug conjugate. Having
acquired full rights to our PSMA antibody-drug conjugate program in
April, core teams from our research and development, manufacturing,
clinical and regulatory areas are working to expedite the development
of this promising new therapy."

Potent Anti-Tumor Activity

Progenics also announced today that findings on its PSMA ADC program
were published in the current issue of Clinical Cancer Research (volume
12, issue 8). Top line results from this study were originally reported
in a Progenics press release during September 2005. In a
well-recognized mouse model of human prostate cancer, PSMA ADC
significantly prolonged overall survival up to nine-fold as compared to
untreated animals (p=0.0018, log-rank test, two-sided). Remarkably,
established tumors in two of the five animals treated at the highest
dose were eradicated and remained undetectable over 500 days through
the completion of the study. No overt toxicity was observed in any of
the treated animals.

PSMA

PSMA is a protein abundantly expressed on the surface of prostate
cancer cells, with an increased expression in high-grade cancers,
metastatic disease and hormone-refractory prostate cancer. In contrast
to other prostate markers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA),
prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate secretory protein, PSMA
is a membrane glycoprotein that is expressed at the cell surface and
not secreted. PSMA is also present at high levels on the newly formed
blood vessels, or neovasculature, needed for the growth and survival of
many solid tumors; however, PSMA has limited expression on normal
tissues other than prostate. This unique expression pattern makes PSMA
an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy.

PSMA ADC

PSMA ADC is a fully human monoclonal antibody to PSMA linked to a
derivative of auristatin, a highly potent cytotoxic drug, utilizing
Seattle Genetics' proprietary ADC technology. The monoclonal antibody
portion binds PSMA with high affinity and specificity, thereby
targeting the cytotoxic drug to cancer cells. After binding its target,
PSMA ADC rapidly enters the cancer cell and releases the drug payload.
Once released from the antibody, the drug destroys the cancer cell by
disrupting the cellular "backbone" required for growth and division.
PSMA ADC is designed to be stable in blood so as to minimize toxicity
to normal cells and tissues that do not express PSMA.

Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer affecting men in the
United States and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among
men each year. The American Cancer Society estimated that 232,090 new
cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed and that 30,350 men died from
the disease during 2005 in the United States.
Alan Meyer - 01 Jun 2006 15:56 GMT
This is a very encouraging development.  As I understand it,
these folks have developed an antibody (a kind of protein that
circulates in the blood and binds like glue to one and only one
type of particle) that is specific for a particle that appears on
the surface of prostate cancer cells.

They attach a cell killing poison molecule to that antibody and
inject this "conjugate" into the blood.  The antibody finds and
sticks to the prostate cancer cell and the poison then attacks
that cell.

This type of technology makes it possible to use very potent
cancer killing poisons with much less effect on healthy cells
than standard chemotherapy.

I really hope it pans out.  Even if it doesn't work really well,
the concept is a great one and I'm sure they'll keep developing
it to find more and more specific antibodies and better and
better anti-cancer poisons.

   Alan

Incidentally, I found out how these antibodies are usually
developed.  The key thing is to find and isolate the particle
that is specific to your target cell, i.e., the prostate cancer
cell.  If you can do that, you can collect these particles (an
incredible technology in its own right) and inject them into an
animal.  Rabbits and goats are often used for this.  Then you
draw blood from the animal and it will be full of antibodies
against the foreign substance you injected.

Even though I know how all this is done, it still seems really
incredible to me.
ralphv - 01 Jun 2006 16:49 GMT
A lot of research and develpment of monoclonal antibodies targeted to
prostate cancer has been done by Dr. Neil Bander at Columbia. They have
conjugated these targeted molecules with both cytotoxic compounds and
radioactive isotopes. Some of these entities are on clinical trials.
Progress is slow but is progress.

Best regards,

RalphV
> This is a very encouraging development.  As I understand it,
> these folks have developed an antibody (a kind of protein that
[quoted text clipped - 29 lines]
> Even though I know how all this is done, it still seems really
> incredible to me.
 
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