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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Prostate Cancer / July 2005

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IMRT for rising psa after RP

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Arthur Johnson - 05 Jul 2005 20:09 GMT
   RP 9-22-04  PSA 12-17-04 & 3-24.05

was  0.1
  psa  6-22-05  0.6   Repeat  7-5-05  0.7  G-7  T3a  because of
extension &
tumor T2a.  1. PC R. lobe with extension close to ,  but  not    through
the pros. capsule.
2. PC involing the tissue taken at Proximal Margin of resection.  Uro.
want's
salvage IMRT.  Will  see RAD.Dr. on Thur.    I have a lot of knowledge,
but none on Sal. Rad.  Would very much app.
any help with this failed RP etc.
Very Upset.    THANK YOU ,  you are all special  people.    Art   713/4
years old.
Stephen Jordan - 05 Jul 2005 21:28 GMT
(snip PSA history)

> Uro. want's salvage IMRT.  Will  see RAD.Dr. on Thur.    I have a lot
>  of knowledge, but none on Sal. Rad.  Would very much app. any help
> with this failed RP etc. Very Upset.    THANK YOU ,  you are all
> special  people.    Art   713/4 years old.

I do hope that Art will be seeing a radiation oncologist, not another uro.

Ending in October, 2004, I underwent salvage IMRT (Intensity Modulated
Radiation Therapy) after failed cryosurgery. As the question pertains to
salvage radiation, I believe that I have something to contribute.

IMRT is the latest "external beam" radiation therapy. It utilizes multiple
beams of radiation which originate at various positions around the
patient's body. A "gantry" moves around the patient and metal leaves
can be heard moving about to preset positions, which is the shaping of
the radiation beams.

It is guided in the following two manners:

(1) Pretreatment "simulation" during which  x-rays are made in order to
document the organ positions. It will involve a Foley catheter, which is
used briefly to inject radio-opaque dye into the bladder. Also, a mold of
the patient's lower extremities is made. This is used during the tx sessions
to immobilize the patient (this is very important). The data obtained
are used to preset the mode of tx as to position, shape, time, dosage,
etc.

(2) Before each tx session (which is five days per week for ~seven weeks)
the position of the organs is determined with ultrasound. It is called
beta-Mode Acquisition and Targeting (BAT), and adjustments are made based
upon its findings. This helps to assure that the radiation goes where it is
desired.

As a matter of fact, in my case it was thought prudent to treat the
seminal vesicles and pelvic lymph nodes at the same time. IOW, more
than one organ can be treated during each session.

The sessions under the machine are perhaps10 minutes. There is no
sensation. I wasn't even bored; I could see a computer monitor which
showed the beam shape, time, dosage per cycle, etc. Fascinating.

SE's are different for each of us. In my case, I had mild diarrhea and
urinary difficulty, the latter being treated with Flomax. I was also rather
tired. Lost a bit of hair in the groin, which has returned. All in all,
I would characterize it as a piece of cake. Such SE's as there may be
usually begin after the second or third week.

*NB* I also began a regimen of ADT, using Zoladex, then Lupron, then
Trelstar, which continues to the present. The reason for the changes was
economic, except in the case of stopping Zoladex. That reason was simply
pain of the injection into the lower abdomen.

The rad onc might very well prescribe neoadjuvant (pre-tx) as well as
concurrent and post-tx ADT.

Of course, my story is just that: a story; anecdotal. Authoritative and
objective information can be found on the website of the Prostate Cancer
Research Institute at:
http://prostate-cancer.org/index.html

Also: a google search on IMRT will result in a host of hits.

Best of luck. Please let us know what's next.

Regards,

Steve J

"Never give in--never, never, never, never, in nothing great or small,
large or petty, never give in except to convictions of honour and good
sense. Never yield to force; never yield to the apparently overwhelming
might of the enemy.''
--Sir Winston L. S. Churchill
I. P. Freely - 05 Jul 2005 21:38 GMT
I'd want to be SURE the new cancer growth was accessible by the beam.
Otherwise we'd be cooking some vital areas for no reason.

I.P.
Clarence Crow - 06 Jul 2005 00:17 GMT
>I'd want to be SURE the new cancer growth was accessible by the beam.
>Otherwise we'd be cooking some vital areas for no reason.
>
>I.P.

Tell me about it! I have Lymphedema in both ankles and feet from
"overspray" of 3D Conformal EBRT, simply because I have a fat a.s, had
to have an increased dosage to do the distance, and they push you
through like sheep in a dip!
Additionally, the Prostate can move +- 7mm from the setup markers on
any given day.

The IMRT sounds a little more accurate and is offered to me as an
option if I need it down the track. (It is not a first choice option
due to the extra time it takes, ergo the daily quota does not return
the required dividends to justify the larger Cash outlay.)


-- Reader to complete...
-- Please reply to this ng as my email adress is fake:

-- Regards

-- CC
Gordy - 06 Jul 2005 01:32 GMT
I am just starting RT at Morristown (NJ) Mem. Hosp.  Their machine,
developed by head of the department, Dr. Wong, and Siemens, has a CT
scanner attached.  For the first 5 sessions, and periodically
thereafter, they do a CT scan before the treatment.  They are thus able
to determine how much, and which way, the prostate of any particular
patient, moves.  The beauty of this machine is that the patient doesn't
have to move between scan and treatment.  I'm doing my "dry run"
tomorrow and start actual treatments on Thursday.

> >I'd want to be SURE the new cancer growth was accessible by the beam.
> >Otherwise we'd be cooking some vital areas for no reason.
[quoted text clipped - 19 lines]
>
> -- CC
I. P. Freely - 06 Jul 2005 07:20 GMT
My point was that the cancer producing the PSA relapse could be in an
earlobe or a toe rather than the crotch.

I.P.

>>I'd want to be SURE the new cancer growth was accessible by the beam.
>>Otherwise we'd be cooking some vital areas for no reason.
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> due to the extra time it takes, ergo the daily quota does not return
> the required dividends to justify the larger Cash outlay.)
Ron B - 06 Jul 2005 13:16 GMT
I.P. wrote:

"My point was that the cancer producing the PSA relapse could be in an
earlobe or a toe rather than the crotch."

I'd like to ask...would that be because some cancer cells 'leaked' out
of the prostate?

I assume so but how do they live in those areas? (ear, toe?)

Thanks.

Ron B.

Chicago
Leonard Evens - 06 Jul 2005 15:24 GMT
> I.P. wrote:
>
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> I'd like to ask...would that be because some cancer cells 'leaked' out
> of the prostate?

There is nothing certain about any of this, but generally physicians
believe that it is the nature of the cancer cells rather than whether
they have escaped from the original site that determines if they can
take up residence remotely.  Originally, cancer cells resemble those in
the tissue they formed in and they can only survive in that location.
Later they may develop metastatic capability, meaning that they can
survive elsewhere.  It is presumed that cancer cells escape all the time
but it is only after metastatic capability develops that you have a problem.

Treatment for the original prostate cancer, either surgically or by
radiation, may not get all the cancer cells in the local area.   After
surgery, in that case, further radiation may destroy all the remaining
cancer before it develops metastatic capability.  But if some cancer
cells with that capability already took up residence elsewhere in the
body, then followup radiation won't do any good.  The problem is that
there is no way to be sure in case of recurrence whether or not the
cancer is still localized.  Physicians rely on certain statistical
guidelines developed through studying many cases.  If the recurrence
time an doubling time for PSA are short, it is much more likely that the
cancer has spread to distant sites and become metastatic.  If the
recurrence time and doubling times are longer, it is more likely that
the recurrence is purely local.   But even if the probability is hiigh,
it is not certain.  And there will always be marginal cases where the
odds are about even.  So the physician has to use everything he or she
knows about the specific patient to help the patient decide on the
proper course.

> I assume so but how do they live in those areas? (ear, toe?)

In principle cancer can spread anywhere, but there are areas it is much
more likely to appear in.  for prostate cancer, bone is the most likely
place for metastatic prostate cancer to appear in.

> Thanks.
>
> Ron B.
>
> Chicago
Alan Meyer - 06 Jul 2005 15:30 GMT
> My point was that the cancer producing the PSA relapse could be in an earlobe or a toe
> rather than the crotch.

There are some tests that can help determine if the relapse
is local or metastatic.  They aren't perfect, but they give an
indication.  If they are negative, then it makes a lot of sense to
get the radiation.  If they are positive, then it may still make sense
to get the radiation, but the decision is more difficult and the
odds of success are reduced.  Two tests that I'm thinking of
are the alkaline phosphatase blood test (ALP), and the bone scan.

ALP is simple and cheap.

My recommendation to Arthur is to see a radiation oncologist ASAP,
ask about whether an ALP and/or bone scan have been or should
be done, and schedule the treatment.

I would go ahead and schedule the treatment even before the
results of the test are in if, as is often the case, it takes 30 days
or so to get into the schedule.  There will be time to cancel the
treatment if it turns out that the evidence of metastasis is strong.

I would also like to say to Arthur: The outcome on your surgery
was bad but don't give up hope.  There is still a decent chance that
you will live out your life without dying of prostate cancer.

The radiation may very well cure you.  Even if the cancer has spread
outside the prostate itself.  It usually spreads first into the first
millimeter or so outside - where the radiation will hit it.

If that doesn't save you, then the natural progression of the
disease is slow, and hormone therapy can slow it still further.  New
treatments are in trials now that have hope of saving you if and when
the cancer becomes more widespread.

Best of luck.

   Alan
Clarence Crow - 07 Jul 2005 00:47 GMT
>My point was that the cancer producing the PSA relapse could be in an
>earlobe or a toe rather than the crotch.
>
>I.P.
Odd you should mention that. I have a bad 2L toe that will not
entirely heal from over snipping the horny nail on it, April 24, near
the end of my EBRT (I've had 3 courses of anti-biotics, one diagnosis
of Cellulitis, plus a later diagnosis of Lymphedema, which was deemed
to be attributable to overspray from the EBRT. Even had a Doppler
U/Sound on the toe leg to see if there was a clot (negative).

Perhaps it's a distant Met??? Sure hurts in the cold spell we have
here right now ;p

-- Reader to complete...
-- Please reply to this ng as my email adress is fake:

-- Regards

-- CC
Bill - 06 Jul 2005 15:01 GMT
Arthur, the no. 1 question now is whether you have a local recurrence
or is it systemic because RT will cure the former but not the latter.
You cannot know for sure so you need to confer w/ your docs, study the
stats, and decide where you stand. At almost 72 you need to evaluate
your general health and life expectatancy - if you probably won't live
10 years anyway, you might seriously consider doing nothing right now.
Keep in mind that the rad-onc makes his living treating people so he is
likely to favor having RT regardless. As for IMRT vs. standard RT I can
only say that the rad-onc I saw at M.D. Anderson 4/04 told me that IMRT
was not necessary for salvage treatment.

I am having blood drawn for a PSA today and I suspect I'll go from .45
to over .6 but I have pretty much decided not to have salvage RT due to
seminal vesicle involvement. That and that I am losing my insurance and
would have to pay the $40-60,000 out of pocket.

Bill Denton
RP 2/12/02
PSA .45
Memphis
Alan Meyer - 06 Jul 2005 15:56 GMT
> Arthur, the no. 1 question now is whether you have a local recurrence
> or is it systemic because RT will cure the former but not the latter.
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> only say that the rad-onc I saw at M.D. Anderson 4/04 told me that IMRT
> was not necessary for salvage treatment.

I also was told by two different rad-oncs that IMRT confers no
special advantages in many cases.  In salvage therapy, I think they're
aiming at a relatively larger area anyway than initial treatment.

> I am having blood drawn for a PSA today and I suspect I'll go from .45
> to over .6 but I have pretty much decided not to have salvage RT due to
> seminal vesicle involvement. That and that I am losing my insurance and
> would have to pay the $40-60,000 out of pocket.

That's terrible Bill.  Why are you losing your insurance?

I thought it was illegal for insurance companies to cut you off because
of changes in your medical condition or even because you have
lost a job that paid for it.

Is it possible that you could find a counselor somewhere who knows
the laws on this and can advise you of a way to keep your insurance?

    Alan
Bill - 07 Jul 2005 15:23 GMT
Alan, when I left a co. group plan in 1999 and after COBRA ran out I
was shopping for private ins. I was working w/ a broker and was told I
would have no problem w/ acceptance (pre-PCa). Based on that I let my
HIPPA rights expire. I was promptly turned down due to a form of
arthritis that is considered an auto-immune disease but is nothing but
a cheap irritation to me. Once you are turned down for medical reasons
you are essentially black-listed. My only option was Tennessee's
version of Medicaid, TennCare, which covered uninsurables. It was not
free - I paid as much as $550/mo. for 1 person. TennCare was far too
ambitious and generous and was about to bankrupt the State so they are
dropping all those who do not qualify for Medicare. It is a fiasco but
I am lucky because I can afford my care while many cannot.

Does anyone know of any private ins. that will cover folks like us? I
am willing to even exclude PCa and arthritis - I need something in case
I trip and fall on my butt walking out to get the mail!

When I was in yesterday just to get PSA blood drawn, my uro popped into
the room and decided he'd give me a DRE. Nice of him, huh? He felt
nothing, which supports my decision so far to not have salvage RT
because I assume I am metastatic.

Re Arthur's having a bone scan - w/ PSA of .7 it more than likely will
show nothing even if there are mets - the test is just not that
sensitive. Same w/ ProstaScint. But they will probably want to do them
anyway.    

Bill Denton
RP 2/12/02
PSA .45
Memphis
kh - 08 Jul 2005 11:10 GMT
> Alan, when I left a co. group plan in 1999 and after COBRA ran out I
> was shopping for private ins. I was working w/ a broker and was told I
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> am willing to even exclude PCa and arthritis - I need something in case
> I trip and fall on my butt walking out to get the mail!

I'm interested in this too.   I'm at seeding + 9 months and the 3rd
post treatment PSA came in at 0.4. The first two were < 0.1's and
were taken while I was juiced with Lupron.
 
This is a month after the rad-doc cautioned me to expect a "bounce".

The 0.4 is also 4 months after the declined 3rd Lupron shot.  

The uro-doc says that he's not "worried" but that we need to track
the PSA.  He said if it doubles from here, he'd be concerned.  

The insurance issue is that I'm considering bailing out from a bad
employment situation.  I have a friend who I've worked for before
who has some decent rate contract work but, no benefits.

I can Cobra my current gold-plated insurance which covered fifty
thousand dollars of cancer treatment last year.   Beyond that, what
are the issues?  

The two <0.1 PSA's may have given me a false sense of confidence.

I can always get a job with benefits but don't know if the insurers
are compelled to cover pre-existing cancer.    

What's the story on insurance?  

-- Update --

Other than the 0.4 PSA, things are going well.  The fatigue is
fading.  The erections are returning, I don't have quite the libido
that I used to but I find myself oogling women.  

I can drink 32 ounces of water and sleep for 8 hours.   When I go,
the stream is strong.  It does "sting".  I dropped the Flomax at 6
months and don't take the Aleve either.   The rad-doc prescribed
Flomax in the morning and an Aleve at night.  

I had a "diabetes" scare while on the Lupron.  I clocked a 300
fasting blood sugar.  This was on a high carb, multiple regular
Pepsi's/day diet.  

My primary care doc put me on 850 mg glucophage.  I cut way back on
carbs.  I was seeing fasting blood sugars in the 150-200 range.
This was just after the declined Lupron shot.

A couple months ago, the doc doubled the dose of Glucophage.

For the last 2 months, I've been clocking fasting blood sugars in
the 110-130 range.  It's consistant so I'm cutting the dose back to
one 850 a day to see what happens.  I've also added a small amount
of carbs back to my diet, as in 2 slices of rye bread, with a meal.

If I can't hold 110-130, I'll drop the carbs before I add the 2nd
850 Glucophage back.  I consider the meds a last resort.  

If the problem was the Lupron, I'll be able to tell by tuning my
diet and the Glucophage.  

We'll see.
Alan Meyer - 11 Jul 2005 19:30 GMT
> ...
> I'm interested in this too.   I'm at seeding + 9 months and the 3rd
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
> the PSA.  He said if it doubles from here, he'd be concerned.
> ...

I can't advise you on the insurance question, but it seems to me
your .4 PSA is a good result so far.

My results were:

<.2, <.2, .8, .6, .9, .8 1.8, .5

When I saw the 1.8 I thought I was a goner.  But then it came
down to .5.

Apparently PSA bounces like this are very common for men
with brachytherapy.  I have considerable hope that my treatment
worked, and I think there is an excellent chance that yours worked
too.

PSA doesn't fall all at once after brachytherapy, and the Lupron
you had made your first couple of tests invalid.

    Alan
Steve Kramer - 09 Jul 2005 20:12 GMT
Hi, Art.  Welcome to the club.  Sorry for the relapse.  My relapse came
about 1½ years after RRP.  I did 35 treatments of EBRT between May and July
2002.

With the possible side effects explained to me, I began to prepare about
March.  Most notably, I walked more (3-5 miles a day, 2-5 days a week) and
drank more water.

As briefly as possible, one week before beginning, they put me on a table
and scanned me to find exactly where my organs were, at which time they
"tattooed" my midsection with small Xs.  These Xs were later to serve as
precise pointers for the "radiation machine".

On a Monday in May, they led me to another table that had a particle
accelerated built around it.  I took off tie, suit coat and pants, and shoes
and laid on the table.  The particle accelerated was guided around me and
shot particles through me at six separate points.  I felt nothing.

I did this 35 straight business days, finishing July 3, 2002.

Beginning on the first date, I went to bed one hour earlier and continued my
walking and drinking water throughout.

Due, I think, to my preparation, my side effects were minimal.  My wife said
I was fatigued, thought I did not notice.  I noticed slight looseness in the
bowels, so I ceased the Metamucil I had started a couple years earlier.  I
had slight burning during urination towards the end of the treatment.

Signature

PSA 16 10/17/2000 @ 46
Biopsy 11/01/2000 G7 (3+4), T2c
RRP 12/15/2000 G7 (3+4), T3cN0M0 Neg margins
PSA  .1  .1  .1  .27  .37  .75
EBRT 05-07/2002 @ 47
PSA  .34 .22 .15 .21 .32
Lupron 07/03 (1 mo) 8/03 (4 mo), 12/03, 4/04, 09/04, 01/05
PSA  .07 .05 .06 .05
non Illegitimi carborundum

>     RP 9-22-04  PSA 12-17-04 & 3-24.05
>
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
> Very Upset.    THANK YOU ,  you are all special  people.    Art   713/4
> years old.
I. P. Freely - 09 Jul 2005 22:49 GMT
What convinced the doctors that your cancer relapse was confined to the
prostate bed?

Metamucil works both ways, driving stool consistency from either extreme
towards normal. I use it to firm up my stool now that I've donated half my
colon to the beast and water extraction isn't what it should be.

I.P.

> My relapse came
> about 1½ years after RRP.  I did 35 treatments of EBRT between May and
> July
> 2002.

>  I noticed slight looseness in the
> bowels, so I ceased the Metamucil I had started a couple years earlier.
Alan Meyer - 13 Jul 2005 01:44 GMT
> What convinced the doctors that your cancer relapse was confined to the
> prostate bed?
> ...

I don't know the details of Steve's case, but I thought that,
statistically, most people with very low PSA values such as his
do not (yet) have metastatic cancer.

I have read that when cancer first escapes from the prostate it
penetrates just a few millimeters into the surrounding tissue, i.e.,
the famous "positive margins".  It can still take a long time
before it becomes metastatic.

If I were in Steve's shoes, I would go for salvage radiation
unless there was positive evidence of metastasis.  The absence
of evidence for localized cancer wouldn't be enough to convince
me not to get the radiation (unless of course I were a lot
older than Steve and expected to die before the cancer got me.)

   Alan
 
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