Sorry, I,ve been moving house and been offline for a few weeks. I don,t
often have much to add to what evybody already knows these says but dont you
know it, when I go off line the call comes through.
Actually when I came back online there were about a thousand messages and
I deleted most without looking at them on alt.support and deleted all of
sci.med without looking (it's usually all ironjustice etc.)
As a routine I check e-mail about every other day and ngroups about twice
or three times a week. As I,ve said the group has really matured and manages
to sort most things out by itself. Anyway, here I am, take me , I,m yours!
MIKE
Did you get my email, MIke?
Mike Radcliffe - 16 Feb 2006 09:46 GMT
No, did you get mine?
> Did you get my email, MIke?
> As a routine I check e-mail about every other day and ngroups about twice
> or three times a week. As I,ve said the group has really matured and manages
> to sort most things out by itself. Anyway, here I am, take me , I,m yours!
Thanks mike,
Situation here.
Breast cancer patient, mets to liver and bone. Had episodes of hepatic
encephalopathy, due to high levels of ammonia, (which seems to be connected to
protein metabolism). I've never heard of this ammonia thing and searched the
archives - nothing there of help. She's on lactulose to reduce the levels of
ammonia, which causes episodes of diarrhea.
"liver pain has been brought under control with taxol, and the bone pain is kept
in check by pamidronate".
She's got 4 taxol treatments left every 21 days.
What I'm wondering is have you ever cared for someone like that?
If so, this web page says that lactulose "reduces the blood ammonia levels by
25-50% and this is generally paralleled by an improvement in the patient's
mental state and by an improvement in EEG patterns "
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/a/Alphalactulosesyrup.htm
Another web page says that this elevated blood ammonia results in coma and death
so:
1) Given that it only seems to partially correct the problem, is that what she's
likely to die of?
and if so (2), do you recall a timeline (for any of your patients, who had
such)?
Trying to help husband know what to expect.
Also wondering if she was transferred to hospice, would hospice stop the
lactulose ?
Pain meds constipate which would counter the lactulose getting rid of the
ammonia.
So is she better off continuing the way they're doing ?
Thanks,
J
John Richards - 15 Feb 2006 22:00 GMT
If I may add a few details (inline).
> Breast cancer patient, mets to liver and bone. Had episodes of hepatic
> encephalopathy, due to high levels of ammonia, (which seems to be connected to
[quoted text clipped - 15 lines]
> 1) Given that it only seems to partially correct the problem, is that what she's
> likely to die of?
After one month on the Lactulose her condition seems to have stabilized,
although at a fairly low functional level. Her mental IQ seems to have dropped
about 50 points (from 135 to 85), accompanied by much confusion and
forgetfulness. However, the paranoia, psychosis, and physical aggressiveness
that she exhibited in the hospital (just before Lactulose treatment was
started) is largely gone.
> and if so (2), do you recall a timeline (for any of your patients, who had
> such)?
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> Pain meds constipate which would counter the lactulose getting rid of the
> ammonia.
Before Lactulose and chemo started, she was on morphine sulfate
and methadone for pain control. Those were terribly constipating.
Now she is able to get by with just four Percocet per day, not enough
constipating factor to reduce the rampant diarrhea induced by the Lactulose.

Signature
John Richards
John Richards - 15 Feb 2006 22:11 GMT
> Also wondering if she was transferred to hospice, would hospice stop the
> lactulose ?
Forgot to mention, the hospital doc said that if we ever discontinue the
lactulose, my wife would likely be in a deep coma within a matter of days.
There's not much point in bothering with a hospice if they'd stop her
lactulose meds.

Signature
John Richards
Mike Radcliffe - 16 Feb 2006 09:45 GMT
>> Also wondering if she was transferred to hospice, would hospice stop the
>> lactulose ?
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> There's not much point in bothering with a hospice if they'd stop her
> lactulose meds.
The last time I treated anyone for liver failure was about twenty years ago
and the standard regimen was lactulose 30mls three times daily to reduce
cerebral oedema (can,'t remember the mechanism but your explanation of
rushing contents thru the bowel and maybe drawing water into the bowel
sounds valid. An antibiotic to reduce bowel flora and thereby reduce
urea/ammonia production and high sugar/low protein intake to prevent the
body using protien for energy and thereby producing more toxins.
I've never used this in palliative care or seen it used for that matter
as there is usually no prospect of the liver getting back any function and
transplantation is not an option so really you are prolonging the
inevitable.
Would they stop the lactulose? probably not....if the engine ain't broke
don't try to fix it! If pain is a problem it is more important to fix that
than worry about constipation. It's a balancing act. How Long? Can't say
Hope this helps some
MIKE