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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Arthritis / October 2006Overwhelming evidence of oxidative damage in autoimmunity
Oxidatively modified autoantigens in autoimmune diseases. Kurien BT, Hensley K, Bachmann M, Scofield RH Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 Aug 15; 41(4): 549-56 Free radical-mediated oxidative damage and consequent protein modification by the end products of oxidative damage are important mediators of cell toxicity and disease pathogenesis. Aldehydic products, mainly the 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals, form adducts with proteins and make them highly immunogenic. Oxidative modification of proteins has been shown to elicit antibodies in a variety of diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), alcoholic liver disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Oxidatively modified DNA (8-oxodeoxyguanine) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) occur in SLE, a disease in which premature atherosclerosis is a serious problem. In addition, immunization with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified 60-kDa Ro autoantigen elicits an accelerated epitope spreading in an animal model of SLE. Advanced glycation end product (AGE) pentosidine and AGE-modified IgG have been shown to correlate with RA disease activity. Oxidatively modified glutamic acid decarboxylase is important in type 1 DM, while autoantibodies against oxidized LDL are prevalent in Behcet's disease. The fragmentation of scleroderma-specific autoantigens occurs as a result of oxidative modification and is thought to be responsible for the production of autoantibodies through the release of cryptic epitopes. In the face of overwhelming evidence for the involvement of oxidative damage in autoimmunity the administration of antioxidants is a viable untried alternative for preventing or ameliorating autoimmune disease, although results in cardiovascular disease are disappointing. Abstract · PubMed FullText · SFX · GS Clip Export InterDB · Terms Related · Graph Cites · Scopus · Tag · Review 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.020 Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk Numbnutz wrote: > Oxidatively modified autoantigens in autoimmune diseases. > Free radical-mediated oxidative damage and consequent protein > modification by the end products of oxidative damage are important > mediators of cell toxicity and disease pathogenesis. HEY! STUPID! oxidase A class of enzymes present in animal and plant life that catalyzes an oxidation reaction; a respiratory anzyme. cytochromo oxidase An enzyme present in most cells that oxidizes reduced cytochrome back to cytochrome. oxidation [gr. oxys] 1. The process of a substance combining with oxygen. 2. The loss of eletrons in an atom with an accompanying increase in positive valence. oxide ANY chemical compound in which oxygen is the negative radical. oxidoreductase An enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions. ... Tom reminds me of London --- always in a fog. hey, chief. why are you bothering to explain it to him? do you really believe that rusty rump even tries to understand what he posts? i think he just wants everybody to believe he's soooo smart, for posting what, to him, seems intelligent. doesn't matter to rusty rump if he understands it or not. he just hopes nobody else understands it, so that they can't tell how rusted his brain has become, adhering to the seat of his chair and all. doncha think? kate Numbnutz wrote: > Oxidatively modified autoantigens in autoimmune diseases. > Free radical-mediated oxidative damage and consequent protein > modification by the end products of oxidative damage are important > mediators of cell toxicity and disease pathogenesis. HEY! STUPID! oxidase A class of enzymes present in animal and plant life that catalyzes an oxidation reaction; a respiratory anzyme. cytochromo oxidase An enzyme present in most cells that oxidizes reduced cytochrome back to cytochrome. oxidation [gr. oxys] 1. The process of a substance combining with oxygen. 2. The loss of eletrons in an atom with an accompanying increase in positive valence. oxide ANY chemical compound in which oxygen is the negative radical. oxidoreductase An enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions. ... Tom reminds me of London --- always in a fog. >>d'huit wrote: he just hopes nobody else understands it, << Well in your case .. I guess THAT .. tack .. works very well .. You don't understand .. oxidative stress is .. rust .. ? Let me explain .. it .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Oxidative stress is .. rust .. R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk >>d'huit wrote: he just hopes nobody else understands it, << Well in your case .. I guess THAT .. tack .. works very well .. You don't understand .. oxidative stress is .. rust .. ? ********LOL! well, i'll be a green-toed, purple-earred, yellow-nosed, platinum-skinned dweendizzle! i got it right!LOL btw, what part of rusty rump didn't you understand? Let me explain .. it ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress ..Oxidative stress is .. rust ..R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. ****w0w. you're waaay oxidatively stressed-out, aren't you---seems to have triggered your OCD. i'd suggest you ask your doctor to increase your therapeudic doses of rust-oleum. oh, and you might try applying some naval jelly on that rusty rump of yours, too. hope that helps--afterall, this IS a support group and we do try to be helpful. others will be along shortly, to give you their helpful suggestions, too. kate Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk others will be along shortly, to give you their helpful suggestions, too.<< I tell you what .. YOU .. say something about the .. article .. You DON'T say .. fkall .. about ME .. Maybe you and testosterone depleted .. 'chief' .. figure you can simply forgo all rules of .. etiquette .. and attempt to .. PERSONALLY .. attack someone .. but .. that IS .. against the .. **rules** .. therefore EXPECT .. repercussions .. Ya .. fkg .. dig ..? <<snip>> "It is better to wear out than to rust out;" don't expose your system to more iron than it needs. <<snip>> http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-19588769.html Learn your sht .. or .. fo .. and in the MEANTIME .. S-T-F-U .. Ya stupid fat .. cow .. I think I called you that before .. ? Didn't I .. ? I didn't .. ? Let me repeat it then .. Ya stupid fat .. cow .. Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk sh.t. This is one sick group! > sh.t. This is one sick group! Please go away. > > sh.t. This is one sick group! > > Please go away. What is wrong with you? Why are you all so hell-bent on hating anyone that has a genuine interest in helping ourselves and others? Am I in a group of people that are beyond help? Have I found hell? >>> sh.t. This is one sick group! >> Please go away. [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > > Am I in a group of people that are beyond help? Have I found hell? LOL! It appears 'Exorcist' has the same email as 'Cab_Savvy'. Imagine that. How could that happen? ROTFL Hate? Try 'bored'. And it's hell to listen to you propounded 'helpers' repeatedly trying to suck a buck from the newsgroup members just 'trying to be helpful'. So please f.ck off and leave us in peace, dimwit. >>> sh.t. This is one sick group! >> Please go away. LOL! It appears 'Exorcist' has the same email as 'Cab_Savvy'. Imagine that. How could that happen? ROTFL how? while folding his laundry, he slipped his hands into his socks and they spoke to him. unfortunately, he never lost his enthusiasm for show and tell, bud. kate >>> sh.t. This is one sick group! >> Please go away. [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > > Am I in a group of people that are beyond help? Have I found hell? Exorcist (aka Cab_Savvy) just won't understand that these groups are for support and not suck-a-buck activities. LOL! hell? no - you have just found folks who are resistant to your sales pitch - live with it. > > > sh.t. This is one sick group! > > [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > > Am I in a group of people that are beyond help? Have I found hell? > Am I in a group of people that are beyond help? Have I found hell? No, but numbnutz Tom can lead you there. He's well on his way already. ... Tom gets lost in thought. It's unfamilar territory to him. Numbnuts again displayed his single-digit IQ with: > Oxidative stress is .. rust .. > > R-u-s-t / rust .. is .. oxidative stress .. oxidative stress The cellular damage caused by oxygen-derived free radical formation. The 3 most important are superoxide (O2~), hydrogen peroxide )H2O2), and hydroxyl ions. These are produced during normal metabolic processes as well as in reaction to cell injury. SEE: antioxidant; free radical; superoxide; superoxide dismutase. superoxide A highly reactive form of oxybe. Superoxide is produced during the normal catalytic function of certain enzymes, by the oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin, and when ionizing radiaiton passes throuth water. It is also produced when granulocytes phagocytize bacteria. Superoxide is destroyed by the enzyme superoxide dismutase, which catalyzes the conversion of 2 molecules of superoxide anion to 1 molecule of oxygen and 1 of gydrogen peroxide. Superoxides play a part in many diseases and conditions, including central nervous system damage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and endothelial damage in hypertension and diabetes mellitus. free radical A molecule containing an odd number of electrons. These molecules contain an open bond or a half bond and are highly reactive. The odd electron is represented in the chemical formula by a dot. If two radicals react, both are eliminated. If a radical reacts with a nonradical, another free radical is produced. This type of event may become a chain rection. The body has developed methods of defending against the harmful effects of free radicals. Syoerixude dusnytasesm enzymes in mitochondria, and antioxidants are effective in counteracting the harmful effects of free radicals. ... Numbnutz Tom is a closet homosapien. Kate wrote and asked: > hey, chief. why are you bothering to explain it to him? It's like playing with bull in a ring before the final thrust. > do you really believe that rusty rump even tries to > understand what he posts? Kindegarteners have a better understanding than he has. After all, they have a higher IQ than his miserly single-digit one. ... Tom's a real big gun -- of small caliber and immense bore. >>Fire Chief wrote: Gibberish snipped<< Stay off my threads .. You have nothing of .. value .. to add .. All YOU need to understand .. is .. these researchers conclude .. "antioxidants to BE .. used .." <<snip>> the administration of antioxidants is a viable untried alternative for preventing or ameliorating autoimmune disease <<snip>> Understand .. ? Dig .. ? Comprehendez ..? Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk Absolutely brilliant! Thank you > Absolutely brilliant! > > Thank you Exorcist/Cab_Savvy, Which group from these cross-posted groups are you posting in? You have to be a newbie (i.e. two nyms on the same addy... duh...), ignorant of Tom's fanatical history, or one of Tom's CLOSE relatives. Otherwise, it boggles my mind to see you supporting his lame habit. Ginnie >^..^< |
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