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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / Alzheimer's / January 2006Alzheimers' / myelin / marahoochie
Imaging Study Links Key Genetic Risk For Alzheimer's Disease To Myelin Breakdown Category: Alzheimer's News Article Date: 04 Jan 2006 A new UCLA imaging study shows that age-related breakdown of myelin, the fatty insulation coating the brain's internal wiring, correlates strongly with the presence of a key genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease. The findings are detailed in the January edition of the peer-reviewed journal Archives of General Psychiatry and add to a growing body of evidence that myelin breakdown is a key contributor to the onset of Alzheimer disease later in life. In addition, the study demonstrates how genetic testing coupled with non-invasive evaluation of myelin breakdown through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may prove useful in assessing treatments for preventing the disease. "Myelination, a process uniquely built up in humans, arguably is the most important and most vulnerable process of brain development as we mature and age. These new findings offer, for the first time, compelling genetic evidence that myelin breakdown underlies both the advanced age and the principal genetic risks for Alzheimer disease," said Dr. George Bartzokis, professor of neurology at UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine. "The human brain functions as a high-speed Internet system," said Bartzokis, director of the UCLA Memory Disorders and Alzheimer Disease Clinic and Clinical Core director of the UCLA Alzheimer Disease Research Center. "The quality of the brain's connections is key to its speed, bandwidth, fidelity and overall on-line capability." Myelin is a sheet of lipid, or fat, with very high cholesterol content -- the highest of any brain tissue. The high cholesterol content allows myelin to wrap tightly around axons, speeding messages through the brain by insulating these neural "wire" connections. As the brain continues to develop in adulthood and as myelin is produced in greater and greater quantities, cholesterol levels in the brain increase and eventually promote the production of a toxic protein that attacks the brain. The protein attacks myelin, disrupts message transfer through the axons and eventually can lead to the brain/mind-destroying plaques and tangles visible years later in the cortex of Alzheimer patients. The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype is the second most influential Alzheimer risk factor, after only advanced age. The study used MRI to assess myelin breakdown in 104 healthy individuals between ages 55 and 75 and determine whether the shift in the age at onset of Alzheimer disease caused by the ApoE genotype is associated with age-related myelin breakdown. The results show that in later-myelinating regions of the brain, the severity and rate of myelin breakdown in healthy older individuals is associated with ApoE status. Thus both age, the most important risk factor for Alzheimer disease, and ApoE status, the second-most important risk factor, seem to act through the process of myelin breakdown. Funding for the research was provided by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute on Aging, the California Department of Health Services, the Sidell Kagan Foundation and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Other UCLA neuroscientists involved in the study included Po H. Lu, Dr. Daniel H. Geschwind, Nancy Edwards, Jim Mintz and Dr. Jeffrey L. Cummings. The UCLA Department of Neurology encompasses more than a dozen research, clinical and teaching programs. These programs cover brain mapping and neuroimaging, movement disorders, Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, neurogenetics, nerve and muscle disorders, epilepsy, neuro-oncology, neurotology, neuropsychology, headaches and migraines, neurorehabilitation, and neurovascular disorders. The department ranks No. 2 among its peers nationwide in National Institutes of Health funding. The Alzheimer Disease Research Center at UCLA, directed by Dr. Jeffrey L. Cummings, was established in 1991 by a grant from the National Institute on Aging. Together with grants from the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California and the Sidell Kagan Foundation, the center provides a mechanism for integrating, coordinating and supporting new and ongoing research by established investigators in Alzheimer disease and aging. The Memory Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease Clinic of the Alzheimer Disease Research Center is an evaluation clinic for individuals over the age of 45 who are experiencing mild but gradually progressing cognitive or memory declines that are not related to other brain diseases such as strokes, tumors, infection, metabolic abnormalities, psychiatric disease or trauma. Additional online resources: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA: medsch.ucla.edu. UCLA Department of Neurology: neurology.medsch.ucla.edu. Alzheimer Disease Research Center at UCLA: adc.ucla.edu. Dan Page dpage@mednet.ucla.edu University of California - Los Angeles www.newsroom.ucla.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- J Mol Med. 2005 Dec 31;:1-6 [Epub ahead of print] Links The marijuana component cannabidiol inhibits beta-amyloid-induced tau protein hyperphosphorylation through Wnt/beta-catenin pathway rescue in PC12 cells. Esposito G, De Filippis D, Carnuccio R, Izzo AA, Iuvone T. Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy, iuvone@unina.it. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. A massive accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide aggregates has been proposed as pivotal event in AD. Abeta-induced toxicity is accompanied by a variegated combination of events including oxidative stress. The Wnt pathway has multiple actions in the cascade of events triggered by Abeta, and drugs that rescue Wnt activity may be considered as novel therapeutics for AD treatment. Cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive marijuana component, has been recently proposed as an antioxidant neuroprotective agent in neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, it has been shown to rescue PC12 cells from toxicity induced by Abeta peptide. However, the molecular mechanism of cannabidiol-induced neuroprotective effect is still unknown. Here, we report that cannabidiol inhibits hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in Abeta-stimulated PC12 neuronal cells, which is one of the most representative hallmarks in AD. The effect of cannabidiol is mediated through the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway rescue in Abeta-stimulated PC12 cells. These results provide new molecular insight regarding the neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol and suggest its possible role in the pharmacological management of AD, especially in view of its low toxicity in humans. PMID: 16389547 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking > Imaging Study Links Key Genetic Risk For Alzheimer's Disease To Myelin > Breakdown > Category: Alzheimer's News > Article Date: 04 Jan 2006 Did you know Myelin was very sensitive to mercury? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ui ds=3031563&dopt=Abstract > The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype is the second most influential > Alzheimer risk factor, after only advanced age. Did you know ApoE has been shown to be exstreamly sensitive to mercury levels? http://www.nel.edu/pdf_/25_5/NEL240504R01_Mutter_.pdf > The results show that in later-myelinating regions of the brain, the > severity and rate of myelin breakdown in healthy older individuals is > associated with ApoE status. Thus both age, the most important risk > factor for Alzheimer disease, and ApoE status, the second-most > important risk factor, seem to act through the process of myelin > breakdown. Finding something that effects them both and builds up in the body with age is so hard. Testing for that spark called........common sense. Currently wading through a few thousand studies on the subject and I'll get back to you on it if I don't go to florida. >Did you know ApoE has been shown to be exstreamly sensitive to mercury >levels? He doesn't know much, that's for sure. Mercury is poison. Period. Ignore the anti-iron absurdities this mean-minded troll spouts. Sylvia > He doesn't know much, that's for sure. Mercury is poison. Period. > Ignore the anti-iron absurdities this mean-minded troll spouts. > > Sylvia Thanks for the clarification. I do like the study he listed since it goes hand in hand with the conclusions I am drawing. His links show he has a valid point for cancer. He seems to be reaching when applying these to AZ. But insight is not always given to those with good verbal or people skills. I think he has a great deal of pain over this. Maybe lost loved ones. >But insight is not always given to those with good >verbal or people skills. True, but this troll is a religious fanatic who claims to have found a secret code in the Bible. He has been downright insulting and mean many, many times. The only pain I know about is what he causes all over Usenet. Google him for some real insight into what he's about. Oh, and be careful of his links; I've been told by others that he plants spyware with his "information." Sylvia In response I went through his links pretty throughly. I am very impressed. He is much more knowldgeful than he comes across. I linked his sites for further study I have run across a great deal of what he talks of. He has some strange angles that will take time to study. His bible code is well documented and preached of all the time. I haven't googled him as I have things to do and I have given this over a half hour. Maybe tomorrow. >I am very impressed. He is much more knowldgeful than he comes across. I >linked his sites for further study Google him, and you'll see what I'm talking about. He cuts and pastes ad infinitum, usually out of PubMed. I don't think he has ever had an original idea, ever. Note the studies he has posted are usually old. That "Bible code" you're referencing was not his original idea, either. All in all, he is a pretty sad case. Sylvia > Sylvia I googled. I am in awe! Over 19,000 references. Most just people talking about him. He seems to have only authored 1,340 news posts. He has found his nitch in life. Iron can be bad he has down. I am not sure if his point does not exist or if he can not stay focused long enough to string together enough studies to defenitively prove a point. >>Sylvia > > I googled. I am in awe! Over 19,000 references. Most just people talking > about him. And some are so rude that they do so whilst crossposting to several groups. Trim your headers, please. Susan >I am not sure if his point does not exist or if he can not stay focused long >enough to string together enough studies to defenitively prove a point. He can't stay focused long enough to write a complete sentence. Sylvia > >I am not sure if his point does not exist or if he can not stay focused long > >enough to string together enough studies to defenitively prove a point. > > He can't stay focused long enough to write a complete sentence. > > Sylvia I think you are right. I would bet Schizophrenic. 54 studies showing mercury breaksdown Myelin http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&db=PubMed&term=myel in+mercury&tool=QuerySuggestion > Imaging Study Links Key Genetic Risk For Alzheimer's Disease To Myelin > Breakdown [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > strongly with the presence of a key genetic risk factor for Alzheimer > disease. Boy I hope UCLA find their cause of Myelin break down. Eliminate the obvious and you have usualy solved the problem. Mercury is only toxic .. when iron .. is present .. We can chelate mercury out with .. glutathione .. BUT .. when the glutathione is unavailable to chelate mercury .. due to . ? .. yes .. iron .. then you have what appears to be a mercury 'connection' .. but what in FACT .. is .. ? Is ...? Iron poisoning .. Catch .. on .. ? Cites for all of the above .. Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking > Mercury is only toxic .. when iron .. is present .. Your style confuses me a bit. Do you have a study to support this? I mean you are dead if you don't have iron (that thing called blood) so it is present. Am I to assume you mean high iron levels combine with high mercury or other metal side effects? > We can chelate mercury out with .. glutathione .. Do you have a link? I do know of home chelation but never got into it. I found enema therapy to be cheapest and most effective home metal elimination method. I assume you are saying that glutathione prevents celluar asorbtion speeds elimination through fecces or urine. > BUT .. when the glutathione is unavailable to chelate mercury If you read the studies chelated and nonchelated mercury are both toxic but tend to concentrate in different spots. > Cites for all of the above .. Would you care to list them? I am slow but I'll read them all eventualy. Your inositol link is interesting. But seems unrelated. I will add iron to my key word searchs for Alzheimer's. >>> Mercury is only toxic .. when iron .. is present .. Your style confuses me a bit. Do you have a study to support this? I mean you are dead if you don't have iron (that thing called blood) so it is present. << <<snip>> We conclude here that, first, mercury and methylmercury do not promote direct lipid peroxidation, but that, second, a simultaneous exposure to high inorganic mercury, copper, and iron and low selenium concentrations can lead to a condition in which mercury promotes lipid peroxidations <<snip>> Biol Trace Elem Res. 2004 Nov;101(2):117-32. Related Articles, Links Does mercury promote lipid peroxidation?: an in vitro study concerning mercury, copper, and iron in peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein. Seppanen K, Soininen P, Salonen JT, Lotjonen S, Laatikainen R. Department of Chemistry, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. In order to explore the observed association among mercury, atherosclerosis, and coronary heart disease, the effects of mercury, copper, and iron on the peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and on the enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase and myeloperoxidase were investigated in vitro. On the basis of our nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, we conclude that mercury does not promote the direct nonenzymatic peroxidation of LDL, like copper and iron. In our enzyme measurements, mercury inhibited slightly myeloperoxidase, although not significantly in presence of LDL. Instead, inorganic mercury, but not methylmercury chloride, inhibited glutathione peroxidase effectively and copper even at 10 micromol/L, below physiological concentrations, doubled the inhibition rate. Copper and iron had no direct effect on glutathione peroxidase, but they both seem to activate production of HOCl by myeloperoxidase. We conclude here that, first, mercury and methylmercury do not promote direct lipid peroxidation, but that, second, a simultaneous exposure to high inorganic mercury, copper, and iron and low selenium concentrations can lead to a condition in which mercury promotes lipid peroxidations. This mechanism provides a plausible molecular-level explanation for the observed association between high body mercury content and atherosclerosis. PMID: 15557676 [PubMed - in process] ------------------------------------------------------------ >>Am I to assume you mean high iron levels combine with high mercury or other metal side effects? << See above .. Yes .. > We can chelate mercury out with .. glutathione .. Any search of any engine will bring that up .. Do you have a link? I do know of home chelation but never got into it. I http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/fulltext/dmsa3-3.html <<snip>> t has long been acknowledged that sulfhydryl-containing compounds have the ability to chelate metals. The sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine, cysteine's acetylated analogue N-acetylcysteine, the methionine metabolite S-adenosylmethionine, alpha-lipoic acid, and the tri-peptide glutathione (GSH) all contribute to the chelation and excretion of metals from the human body. Hepatic glutathione attaches to lead and enhances its excretion in the feces. Unfortunately, hepatic glutathione can be depleted in this manner, resulting in less glutathione being available for conjugation of other toxic substances. Mercury vapor is lipid soluble, freely passing through cell membranes and across the blood-brain barrier. Methyl mercury also easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and the placenta.7 Inorganic and methyl mercury have a high affinity for sulfhydryls, reacting intracellularly with the sulfhydryl group on glutathione and cysteine, and histidine residues in proteins, and allowing transport out of the cell. found enema therapy to be cheapest and most effective home metal elimination method. I assume you are saying that glutathione prevents celluar asorbtion speeds elimination through fecces or urine. <<snip>> > BUT .. when the glutathione is unavailable to chelate mercury If you read the studies chelated and nonchelated mercury are both toxic but tend to concentrate in different spots. > Cites for all of the above .. Would you care to list them? I am slow but I'll read them all eventualy. Your inositol link is interesting. But seems unrelated. I will add iron to my key word searchs for Alzheimer's. Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://jesuswasavegetarian.7h.com Man Is A Herbivore! http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/manisaherbivore DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://pages.ivillage.com/ironjustice/deadpeoplewalking Interesting. We do not disagree. We simply are talking about different things. Oxidation is not everything. I will try to find time to concider your work properly. However you lack understanding. You are trying to say it is not the fact that you have 20,000 times more metal in your body than it can deal with. The problem is that you don't have enough of what it takes to deal with it. You say, "Take this pill and you can be healthy with enough poison in your body to kill 20,000 men". It will just kill you in a different way. Your body has a load limit on how much metal it can pass in fecces and urine. Deal with the source of the problem. Tom, I read your section on vascular cleansing and your method is too expensive and requires to much disipline for me. If you want a good vascular cleanser concider http://www.curezone.com/cleanse/liver/huldas_recipe.asp Skip the first third about parasites, kidneys, and dental. She is lost in her own world. It is all good but in its own time. Don't worry about sterlization and black walnut thing. Her eating suggestions are fine but I had pizza for lunch and it worked for me. Just Olive oil and lay on your back works fine. The epsom salt thing just lets you take the gallstones to your doctor to confirm you passed gallstones in your stool. With repeated aplications you will find your hands and feet warm back up and many of your allergies will go away. If you are seeing a doctor you can get before and after chest xrays. The reduction in cholesteral build up in your arteries over a 3 mth period is easy to see. I used to get off on how good I felt the day after. I may do it again. It is so much agrevation I have not done it in years. Not much point in it when the gallstones quit coming out. A few doctors I have talked to advise doing it every coupla years to keep them from building up. |
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