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Medical Forum / General / Alternative / April 2008Iron Targeting For MS
The role of iron dysregulation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: an Egyptian study. Mult Scler 2008 Apr 11. Abo-Krysha N, Rashed L Background Iron is essential for virtually all types of cells and organisms. The significance of iron for brain function is reflected by the presence of receptors for transferrin on brain capillary endothelial cells. Iron imbalance is associated with proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Transferrin receptor (TfR) is the major mediator of iron uptake. Its expression is increased to facilitate iron entrance into the cell. The increased serum level of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) may indicate an abnormal intracellular distribution of iron and a decrease in the cytoplasmic compartment. Objective Our objective is to assess the possible role of iron metabolism dysfunction in the pathogenesis of MS. Methods Thirty subjects were selected from the Neurology Department of Kasr El- Aini hospital, Cairo University: 20 MS patients, where nine patients were relapsing and progressive (secondary progressive (SP) of which six were secondary progressive active (SP-A) and three were secondary progressive stable (SP-S)), seven were relapsing-remitting active (RR- A) and four were primary progressive (PP); and 10 control subjects matched in age and sex. Each patient was subjected to a thorough general medical and neurological examination, Kurtzke MS rating scales, laboratory assessment, neuro-imaging, evoked potentials and quantitative determination of the indices of iron metabolism, such as serum iron and sTfR. Results The serum level of sTfR was significantly higher in our MS patients compared with the control group (p = 0.0001). The levels were significantly higher in SP-A (p = 0.001), SP-S (p = 0.01), RR-A (p = 0.0001) and PP (p = 0.003) patients than in controls. Iron values were within normal limits in all patients. The increased serum sTfR level in non-anemic MS patients with active disease reflects the increased iron turnover. The elevation of sTfR levels in stable patients may indicate active inflammation with ongoing oxidative damage that is not detectable by history or examination. Conclusions Iron overload and upregulation of iron-handling proteins, such as TfR, in the MS brain can contribute to pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and iron imbalance is associated with a prooxidative stress and a proinflammatory environment, this suggest that iron could be a target for MS therapy to improve neuronal iron metabolism. Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) [Mult Scler] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- More from this journal Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk On Apr 15, 6:18 am, "ironjust...@aol.com" <ironjust...@aol.com> wrote: iron dysregulation << We know about iron in the brain and how it seems some researchers are actively looking for ways TO target this iron. Is MS such a devastating disease that people will go to efforts which some might consider .. heroic .. in order to alleviate the disease? Would a person with MS try a home based experiments? Does a person with MS ever experiment at home .. ? If it was .. you .. ? Does MS make a person take .. "heroic efforts" .. ? Would you snort a little .. phytic acid .. or picolinic acid .. ? Phytic acid is bread and picolinic acid is bread too. Phytic / phytate / chaff .. picolinic / niacin / chaff .. Would it kill you .. ? Drug targeting to the brain: transfer of picolinic acid along the olfactory pathways. Bergström U, Franzén A, Eriksson C, Lindh C, Brittebo EB J Drug Target. 2002 Sep ; 10(6): 469-78 Picolinic acid (PA) protects against quinolinic acid- and kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity in the brain. To study the uptake of PA to the brain, we administered [3H]PA via a unilateral nasal instillation or iv injection to mice. Autoradiography demonstrated a rapid uptake of radioactivity in the olfactory nerve layer and in the ipsilateral olfactory bulb (OB) following nasal instillation of [3H]PA. After 4 h, there was a high level of radioactivity in the central parts of the ipsilateral OB and olfactory peduncle. Moreover, iv injection of [3H]PA demonstrated a selective uptake and retention of radioactivity in the OB. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated the presence of PA and PA-glycine conjugate in the OB. In mice with reduced peripheral olfactory innervations there was a decreased uptake of [3H]PA in the OB as compared to controls suggesting that an intact olfactory neuroepithelium is a prerequisite for an uptake of PA to the OB. There is an increased interest in brain targeting of drugs with limited ability to pass the blood-brain barrier. The present results demonstrate that PA fulfils structural requirements for a transfer along the olfactory pathways to the brain. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Who loves ya. Tom Jesus Was A Vegetarian! http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh Man Is A Herbivore! http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3 DEAD PEOPLE WALKING http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk > The role of iron dysregulation in the pathogenesis of multiple > sclerosis: an Egyptian study. [quoted text clipped - 55 lines] > > DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk |
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