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Medical Forum / Diseases and Disorders / AIDS / December 2005Fauci's IL-2 boosts Treg cells in cancer patients
Since AIDS has been shown to be a disease caused by Treg cells, let's take a look at how the IL-2 cytokine has been involved in accelerating the disease process. Meanwhile, we should all be thankful for Dr. Fauci's NIAID patent, in which the good doctor introduced IL-2 as a TREATMENT for AIDS ... and killed all his patients. susie In the 11/22/05 online Blood article titled "IL-2 Administration Increases CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Cancer Patients," NCI researchers Mojgan Ahmadzadeh & Steven A Rosenberg state: "In the current study, we investigated the impact of high dose IL-2 administration on the CD4 T cell population in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell cancer. We report that following IL-2 treatment, the proportion of CD4+CD25hi T cells expressing Foxp3 were significantly increased in peripheral blood. These cells phenotypically resembled regulatory T cells and exhibited suppressive function in vitro. These findings provide evidence that IL-2 administration alters the homeostasis of CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ regulatory T cells in cancer patients, and suggest that elimination of these cells may lead to improved responses to IL-2 therapy." "Although IL-2 has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, only 15-20% of these patients experience a clinical response with 7% complete long-term responders. We report here that administration of high dose IL-2 resulted in nearly six-fold increase in the frequency of CD4+CD25hi T cells in the peripheral blood compared to the pretreatment levels. These cells expressed phenotypic markers associated with regulatory T cells and suppressed the proliferation of CD4+CD25- responder T cells. Moreover, CD4 T cells isolated after IL-2 administration exhibited significantly higher expression for Foxp3, a surrogate molecular marker for regulatory T cells since its expression is limited to regulatory T cells and not to activated or naive T cells. Furthermore, IL-2 administration led to a profound increase (nearly four-fold) in the frequency of circulating Foxp3-expressing CD4 T cells in peripheral blood. Therefore, our results demonstrate that administration of high dose IL-2 alters the homeostasis of regulatory CD4 T cells in an immune intact setting." "The mechanism of IL-2 mediated tumor regression in the small of number of patients (15-20%) that respond to IL-2 therapy remains unclear; however, all of the patients analyzed in this report had tumor progression following the completion of their IL-2 treatment. Since IL-2 is a growth factor for any cell that expresses the high affinity IL-2R complex, it can also activate effector T cells expressing CD25 as well as CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Therefore the balance between activation and expansion of tumor-reactive effector T cells relative to regulatory T cells by IL-2 may determine the clinical outcome for a patient. "In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the administration of high dose IL-2 mediates the in vivo expansion of regulatory T cells in humans. Our findings also suggest that IL-2 mediated expansion of regulatory T cells may contribute to the lack of objective response to IL-2 therapy in more than 80% of patients with melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Activated regulatory T cells may hinder generation of anti-tumor immune responses especially considering that many tumor antigens are self-antigens. Depletion of regulatory T cells may enhance the ability of IL-2 to elicit anti-tumor immune responses in cancer patients." "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > Since AIDS has been shown to be a disease caused > by Treg cells, let's take a look at how the IL-2 cytokine > has been involved in accelerating the disease process. Interleukin-2, or IL-2, is a substance the body naturally makes that controls the growth and function of many types of cells. IL-2 helps the immune system produce cells whose job is to get rid of infected or cancerous cells. T4 cells need IL-2 to thrive. Without IL-2, activated T4 helper cells die. Ten years ago, people with AIDS were given IL-2 in much higher doses than are being tested now. The results were disastrous. People became sick and died. Although most of the people with AIDS who took the drug were very sick in the first place, it appeared that the drug didn't help, and probably made things worse. Since that time, work on IL-2 has continued. In previous studies of IL-2, a significant increase in T4 cells was seen for a short period and for as long as the drug was continued. The side effects were very toxic. Hopefully, the way the drug is now being tested will help avoid some of the side effects such as fevers, chills and an overall sick feeling. Scientists are fine tuning how IL-2 is given, including how much and when and for how long. A recent study of IL-2 enrolled 60 people with T4 cells over 200. People were divided into two groups. The first group of 31 people received anti-HIV drugs (AZT, ddI, ddC or d4T, alone or in two-drug combinations) along with intravenous infusions of IL-2. The IL-2 infusions were given for five days every 2 months. The IL-2 dose was originally 18 million IU (International Units) a day, but by the end of the study most people were getting about 8 million IUs a day because of side effects. People in the IL-2 group had an average of 428 T4 cells when they started the study. After 12 months the average T4 cell count of this group had increased to 916. One person in this group dropped out before receiving any IL-2, five people dropped out of the study due to side effects, and one person died of AIDS related complications. The second group of 29 people in this study received anti-HIV drugs (AZT, ddI, ddC or d4T, alone or in two-drug combinations), but no IL-2. This group started the study with an average T4 cell count of 406. After 12 months, the average T4 cell count had gone down to 349. There has been concern that IL-2 may increase the level of HIV in the body. In this study the levels of virus, known as viral load, stayed about the same in both groups. In terms of side effects, in the IL-2 group 90% of people experienced fatigue or feeling unwell, 20% experienced headache, diarrhea, and inflammation of the mouth. Other side effects in the IL-2 group included abdominal pain, fever and sinus congestion. One person experienced toxicity to the heart. It has been reported that two people that were originally in the IL-2 group have died, as compared to five people who were originally in the group not receiving IL-2. However, at least two of these five people received IL-2 after the first year of the study was completed, so there can not be said to be an important difference in number of deaths between the two groups. T4 cells are one way of measuring the health of the immune system. But it is not always known if increased numbers of T4 cells caused by a treatment may actually help someone stay healthy or live longer. Because of this fact, a longer, larger trial of IL-2 is planned to see if the treatment will actually improve health and extend life. Some people have begun on their own to inject themselves with IL-2, which is available by prescription for people with cancer. This is very dangerous. We don't recommend it. We strongly encourage the supervision of a trained medical professional. Until more is known about IL-2, how to best use the drug and what it actually does to the immune system, we encourage people who are considering using the drug to carefully weigh all the benefits and risks. For more information on currently enrolling studies of IL-2, call the Network at (800) 734-7104. Possible side effects of IL-2 include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, shortness of breath, low blood pressure and kidney and liver damage. The Simple Facts Project is a program of The Network. If you need help finding out whether or not a specific drug or therapy is covered by private or public insurance, contact The Network at (800) 734-7104. This information does not intend to promote or endorse any specific treatment for any health related condition. > "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >> [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] > IL-2, activated T4 > helper cells die. IL-2 is also used to grow cancer cells in vitro. > Scientists are fine tuning how IL-2 is given, including how much and when > and for how long. "Scientists", e.g. Dr. Fauci, have patents on IL-2 therapy. It would appear that the only thing being "fine-tuned" would be their income bracket. > A recent study of IL-2 enrolled 60 people with T4 cells over 200. People > were divided into two > groups. You are missing the point - the issue here isn't about a low T-cell count - the issue is about a HIGH Treg cell presence. The older T4 cell theory has been weak, at best. A low T4 cell count does not predict AIDS by itself - it is co-incident to clinical disease. Tregs better explain AIDS causation. > The Simple Facts Project is a program of The Network. Sounds like another fine pharmaceutical public relations ploy. You don't get the science from the drug companies. susie "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > You don't get the science from the drug companies. No matter what source I use, someone says that it is a bad one. It will always be so as long as someone disagrees with what is said. No one works or stays in business without making money. Immune Response MS vaccine stimulates Treg activity Published: 22 Jun 2005 Related Research Immune Response MS vaccine stimulates Treg activity Preliminary results from an ongoing clinical study by the biotech firm Immune Response Corporation, demonstrate its investigational T-cell receptor peptide vaccine, NeuroVax, has the potential to stimulate a significant increase in a gene marker believed to be significant in multiple sclerosis. The new data show that monthly NeuroVax injections during a one-year period increased FOXP3, a gene marker recently shown to track regulatory T-cells, and improve Treg cell functional activity in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently published research indicates that FOXP3, known to be associated with maintaining immune tolerance and regulation of autoimmune diseases, is significantly reduced in patients with MS compared to healthy individuals. The present data shows NeuroVax has the potential to raise levels of FOXP3 to an amount comparable to that of healthy controls. The preliminary results were based on the nine NeuroVax treated patients who have completed the 52-week study. Patients were analyzed at baseline and at 52 weeks, and were compared to a group of gender and age-matched healthy controls. It is hypothesized that autoimmune diseases such as MS may result from the failure of tolerance mechanisms to prevent expansion of pathogenic inflammatory T-cells. Diminished FOXP3 levels indicate impaired immunoregulation by Treg cells that may contribute to MS. Immune Response believes that induction of these Treg cells is important to the mechanism of action for NeuroVax. The new data directly indicates for the first time that treatment with NeuroVax does stimulate FOXP3 Treg cells. MS is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks normal tissues of the central nervous system. According to Immune Response it afflicts approximately 400,000 people in the US and more than 2.5 million worldwide. The disease is largely caused by activation of a specific subset of the patient's own white blood cells, pathogenic T-cells, which then attack myelin and are largely responsible for disease progression. http://www.datamonitor.com/~3875bedee37e4ee7afb5f09ef68dc4f8~/industries/news/ar ticle/?pid=01CDF6A8-B10A-404C-93A4-292BB2E0E714&type=NewsWire > "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >> >> You don't get the science from the drug companies. >> > No matter what source I use, someone says that it is a bad one. Maybe you should take this as a clue about the poor formation of your "opinions" or simple errors in your thinking. > No one works or stays in business without making money. Making money is a very poor predictor of scientific or medical discovery and the motive of greed has held back progress in medicine from the dawn of time. Gee, Death - you sound a lot like a neocon, > Immune Response MS vaccine stimulates Treg activity Snipped as irrelevant. "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > "Death" <Death@yourdoor.net> wrote in message > > [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > Maybe you should take this as a clue about the poor formation > of your "opinions" or simple errors in your thinking. Not at all. My sources are good, it is just bad news for the faggot. Can you imagine, some faggots think straights have half of all aids cases after 30 years. But to do this they have to include niggers into the equasion. Half of all aids cases world wide..........that means faggots have the other half, yes? What percentage of population would they represent? 2% correct. > > No one works or stays in business without making money. > > Making money is a very poor predictor of scientific or > medical discovery Ok, Live happily in fantasyland > and the motive of greed has held back > progress in medicine from the dawn of time. Greed is exactly the thing that advances science and medicine. > Gee, Death - you sound a lot like a neocon, well you got something correct >Greed is exactly the thing that advances science and medicine. That's a lie foisted upon the world by the parasites of Wall Street and the executive suite slugs of pharma companies. In fact, the opposite is true. Greed is destroying science, medicine and discovery. George M. Carter "GMCarter" <fiar@verizon.net> > "Death" <Death@yourdoor.net> > [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > In fact, the opposite is true. Greed is destroying science, medicine > and discovery. So that is false huh? Perhaps you need to get a job. > "GMCarter" <fiar@verizon.net> > [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] >> > So that is false huh? George is correct. In fact, science and greed have never been able to exist in the same room - and never will. Drug company science will always be an oxymoron since it is nothing more than product research. susie "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > George is correct. In fact, science and greed have never been > able to exist in the same room - and never will. > > Drug company science will always be an oxymoron since it > is nothing more than product research. product research, lets see that would be, to make money? > "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >> >> [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] >> > product research, lets see that would be, to make money? Gee, Death ... you're a true genius. susie "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > "Death" <Death@yourdoor.net> wrote in message > > [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] > > Gee, Death ... you're a true genius. Indeed, your statement about greed and science is a crock > "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >> [quoted text clipped - 13 lines] >> > Indeed, your statement about greed and science is a crock No, that's actually a fact. Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. While you will forever remain a moron. LOL! susie "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. So will susie age 9 > "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >> >> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. >> > So will susie age 9 While Death will forever remain a moron. susie >> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. [quoted text clipped - 4 lines] > > susie You forgot his butt buddie, jimbo riske, another permanent moron!  SignatureOf all the systems of religion that ever were invented, there is none more derogatory to the Almighty, more unedifying to man, more repugnant to reason, and more contradictory in itself, than this thing called Christianity. Too absurd for belief, too impossible to convince, and too inconsistent for practice, it renders the heart torpid, or produces only atheists and fanatics. As an engine of power, it serves the purpose of despotism; and as a means of wealth, the avarice of priests; but so far as respects the good of man in general, it leads to nothing here or hereafter. –Thomas Paine >>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > >You forgot his butt buddie, jimbo riske, another permanent moron! "BYTE ME!" another humiliated faggot who just can't stop thinking about the anus. "The anus is so etched onto the minds of homosexuals that even mental illness does not prevent them from focusing on it." -- Erik Holland >>>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>>>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. [quoted text clipped - 8 lines] > "BYTE ME!" another humiliated faggot who just can't stop thinking > about the anus. Get your attention every time faggot! SignatureOf all the systems of religion that ever were invented, there is none more derogatory to the Almighty, more unedifying to man, more repugnant to reason, and more contradictory in itself, than this thing called Christianity. Too absurd for belief, too impossible to convince, and too inconsistent for practice, it renders the heart torpid, or produces only atheists and fanatics. As an engine of power, it serves the purpose of despotism; and as a means of wealth, the avarice of priests; but so far as respects the good of man in general, it leads to nothing here or hereafter. –Thomas Paine >>>>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>>>>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. [quoted text clipped - 10 lines] > >Get your attention every time faggot! You are completely consumed with thoughts of anus, you sick faggot. "The anus is so etched onto the minds of homosexuals that even mental illness does not prevent them from focusing on it." -- Erik Holland >>>>>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>>>>>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > > You are completely consumed with thoughts of anus, you sick faggot. No just posting it to turn on your depraved a.s. SignatureOf all the systems of religion that ever were invented, there is none more derogatory to the Almighty, more unedifying to man, more repugnant to reason, and more contradictory in itself, than this thing called Christianity. Too absurd for belief, too impossible to convince, and too inconsistent for practice, it renders the heart torpid, or produces only atheists and fanatics. As an engine of power, it serves the purpose of despotism; and as a means of wealth, the avarice of priests; but so far as respects the good of man in general, it leads to nothing here or hereafter. –Thomas Paine > You are completely consumed with thoughts of anus, you sick faggot. > > "The anus is so etched onto the minds of Risky Jim and Death that even > their > mental illness does not prevent them from focusing on it." -- susie susie >>>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message >>>>> Drug company science will always be an oxymoron. >>>>> [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > "BYTE ME!" another humiliated faggot who just can't stop thinking > about the anus. While Risky Jim's anal dreams seem so elusive, yet so close. susie >>>>> "Susie, age 9" <nomail@noway.com> wrote in message > [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > >susie You sure seem to know a lot about "anal dreams" for being a 9 year old girl. You sick faggot, nobody is fooled. "The anus is so etched onto the minds of homosexuals that even mental illness does not prevent them from focusing on it." -- Erik Holland babbled: > You sick faggot, nobody is fooled. > > "The anus is so etched onto my mind that my mental illness does not > prevent me from focusing on it." -- Risky Jim LOL ! susie |
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